CBMl ~/0Щ@թբx FL S "1 ! ʽRwl L":*" ,P(2026),1 Ģ ǩ Jx  wЄȄLqU0>M0  T ARE YOUR CURRENT HOBBIES? : EADING; TRAVEL; FILMS; RAISING MY DAUGHTER. (HAT'S A HOBBY??? ) : HAT SORT OF TECHNICAL LITERATURE DO YOU CURRENTLY READ? : OSTLY REFERENCE MATERIAL. URRENT MAGAZINES ARE HEAVY ON THE "WHAT'S FOR SALE" STREAM; TO  E THAT OMMODORE WASN'T ABLE TO/INTERESTED IN KEEPING THE 8-BIT LINE GOING. T'S GOOD TO SEE THAT IS HAPPENING. URPRISED? LITTLE. UT ENTHUSIASTS AND USER GROUPS HAVE ALWAYS HAD A STRONGER EFFECT THAN MANUFACTURERS ARE WILLING TO ADMIT. : HAT IS YOHEN TURN IT OFF .. DON'T WORRY OR THINK ABOUT HOW IT ALL WORKS". HAT'S SURE A LOT LESS FUN FOR TINKERERS. : HAT WORDS OF WISDOM WOULD YOU CARE TO IMPART ON A NEW (OR REVITALIZED) GENERATION OF HACKERS? : NJOY WHAT YOU'RE DOING! F IT BECOMES D from http://www.radiks.net/~jimbo/art/c642.htm Commodore Free would like to thank Jim Lawless for permitting the reprinting of his interview with Jim Butterfield  S THE TOP OF THE SCREEN. ILLING THIS WITH ONE OF YOUR THREE MEGA SHOTS, GAINS YOU AN EXTRA LIFE. HIS GAME IS A COMBINATION OF ACCURACY, INTUITION, & AVOIDANCE. LAY IT & YOU WILL SEE WHAT MEAN. GREAT GAME, THAT WOULD LOOK GOOD IF IT WAS REWORKED TIRECTORY, AND LOAD YOUR OBJECT FILE ,8,1. OUR OBJECT CODE IS A MACHINE LANGUAGE FILE, JUST LIKE OTHER PROGRAMS YOU MAY OWN OR DOWNLOAD. NCE IT'S LOADED, TYPE "SYS 4096" TO RUN IT. (Y DEFAULT, LANG PROGRAMS ARE LOCATED AT 4096, BUT IT IS EASY TO LOCA A PLANE THROUGH THE CANYONS, OVER THE WATER, DESTROYING ANYTHING IN YOUR PATH. HIS IS A BASIC VERTICAL SCROLLING SHOOTING GAME, WHERE YOU MUST NAVIGATE YOUR PLANE THROUGH ENEMY TERRITORY - WHICH CONSISTS OF PLANES, HELICOPTERS, SHIPS, TANKS, & BALLOONSE THE SAME FILENAME AS DEFAULT, SO GO AHEAD AND PRESS RETURN. F YOU NOW LIST THE DIRECTORY, YOU SHOULD SEE TWO NEW FILES: ONE WITH A .S, THE OTHER WITH A .O. OU CAN NOW LOAD AND RUN THE OBJECT CODE TOTALLY INDEPENTLY FROM LANG. XIT BACK TO THE EDITO ODAY TO A MORE MODERN FORMAT. [4] NE OF THE SINGLE MOST POPULAR COMPUTER GAMES OF ALL TIME. T IS SO WELL KNOWN, & SECOND, SO TIED UP WITH THE TARI CRAZE, BEYOND RATIONAL COMPREHENSION. HIS WAS "THE" TARI GAME, WHEN RELEASED. OU ARE PRESENTTEN A PROGRAM, WHAT DO YOU DO WITH IT? HAT WE'RE GOING TO DO HERE IS SAVE THE OBJECT CODE, AND THEN LOAD AND RUN IT. UTORIAL LESSON #16 (ALWAYS NEED SOME MULTIPLE OF 16, RIGHT? ) OMPILE ONE OF THE EXAMPLE PROGRAMS ABOVE (ONE THAT WORKS!). NCE ITURRENT JOB COMPUTER-RELATED? : 'M CURRENTLY MORE OR LESS RETIRED. : F YOU HAD NOT CHOSEN A CAREER IN COMPUTING, WHAT FIELD OF ENDEAVOR WOULD YOU MOST LIKELY HAVE PURSUED? : EFORE COMPUTERS, WORKED IN ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS. : HAMY MIND, THAT'S NOT THE FUN PART OF COMPUTING. : RE YOU SURPRISED THAT A SORT OF " RENAISSANCE" HAS BEEN TAKING PLACE THE LAST FEW YEARS ( ...AVAILABILITY OF 64 EMULATORS ON MULTIPLE PLATFORMS AND SUCH...THE UPER FROM ...) . : T'S A SHAMUR OPINION ON THE WAY CONSUMER COMPUTING HAS EVOLVED SINCE THE INCEPTION OF THE EARLY MACHINES? : HE AVERAGE COMPUTER USER TODAY HAS A LOT LESS FUN THAN WE STILL HAVE WITH THE EARLY MACHINES. HE INDUSTRY MESSAGE TODAY IS "UY IT AND USE IT, AND TRUDGERY, YOU'RE DOING IT WRONG! AKEN FROM HTTP://WWW.RADIKS.NET/JIMBO/ART/C642. HTM OMMODORE REE WOULD LIKE TO THANK IM AWLESS FOR PERMITTING THE REPRINTING OF HIS INTERVIEW WITH IM UTTERFIELD ...END... drudgery, you're doing it wrong! TakenE & DECREASE THE SPEED OF YOUR PLANE, BUT YOU CAN NOT STOP THE SCROLLING - SO IT TAKES SOME ART TO BECOME GOOD AT THIS GAME. E CAREFUL TO AVOID ANYTHING THAT GETS IN YOUR WAY, BY EITHER SHOOTING AT IT OR NAVIGATING YOUR WAY AROUND IT. HE GRAPHICS & SOU, COLLECT MONEY, & TRAVERSE LAKES OF WATER THAT APPEAR & DISAPPEAR. HE POINT OF THIS GAME IS BEYOND ME, DID HAVE THE INSTRUCTIONS A LONG TIME AGO. OWEVER, IT IS A GOOD GAME, A SEMINAL CLASSIC EVEN. S FAR AS THIS GAME GOES, & ALL THE OTHERS HAVE RER. E ARE NOW GOING TO EXIT TO : PRESS SHIFT-CTRL- < (BACKARROW, TO THE LEFT OF THE '1' KEY), AND YOU SHOULD BE BACK AT THE PROMPT. F YOU'D LIKE TO TRY YOUR PROGRAM FROM HERE, YOU CAN TYPE "SYS 4096" . OW RESET THE MACHINE. O TO THE DISK DND EFFECTS ARE BASIC & SIMPLE, BUT THE CONCEPTUAL ADAPTION & PLAYABILITY RANK IN THE HI ECHELONS OF GAMING NIRVANA. [2] .... OU HAVE A HELICOPTER ATTACHED & A LASER AT YOUR DISPOSAL. HE GAME CONSISTS OF SCREEN AFTER SCREEN OF CAVERNS, WHICH YOU MU COMPILES SUCCESSFULLY, PRESS 7 TO ENTER THE DISK MENU. IRST, SAVE THE SOURCE CODE BY PRESSING "S". O AHEAD AND ENTER SOME FILENAME; THE PROGRAM WILL AUTOMATICALLY APPEND A ".S" TO THE FILENAME. ECOND, SAVE THE OBJECT CODE BY PRESSING "O". OU'LL SE ASE. HIS WORKS THE SAME WAY IN LANG: UBYTE D D = "A" ;A "STRING" D = 65 ;A NUMBER HAT'S FINE FOR JUST ONE CHARACTER, BUT THAT'S NOT A STRING. N LANG, A STRING IS JUST A BYTE ARRAY: UBYTE D(20) D$ = "HELLO" ;TREAT AS A STRING D(0) = "Y" ;CHANGE S AND RUN THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM, WHICH DEMONSTRATES THE IDEA OF LOCAL VARIABLES WITHIN A SUBROUTINE: BYTE B B=1 ESTOUTINE() ;ALL THE SUBROUTINE PRINTLN "BUT IN THE MAIN CODE, B IS STILL "B WAITCHAR DONE SUB ESTOUTINE() ;EFINE THE SUBROUTINE BYTE  U HAVE TO DEFINE A SUBROUTINE. ND YOU NEED TO END THE ROUTINE USING "ENDSUB" . ITH A SUBROUTINE, YOU CAN PASS PARAMETERS TO THE ROUTINE. OR EXAMPLE, THE GRAPHICS LIBRARY HAS A ROUTINE CALLED RLOT, TO PLOT A POINT. ND IT REQUIRES TWO PARAMETERS:  WITH AN ENDSUB. OU DON'T REALLY WORRY ABOUT WHAT OTHER ROUTINES OR THE MAIN PROGRAM DOES; THE SUBROUTINE DOESN'T "SEE" THEM. O, A FEW OBSERVATIONS: THE "SUB" KEYWORD DEFINES A SUBROUTINE. E CALL THE SUBROUTINE BY SIMPLY TYPING THE SUBROUTINE NAME I THEN RETURNS BACK TO THE PLACE OF THE SUBROUTINE CALL. LANG SUBROUTINES ARE MORE SOPHISTICATED, BUT THE IDEA IS THE SAME AND OVERALL THEY ARE PRETTY SIMILAR. SUBROUTINE IS LIKE A MINI-PROGRAM: YOU CAN DEFINE VARIABLES, HAVE A BUNCH OF STATEMEELONGS" TO THE SUBROUTINE, NOT TO THE MAIN PROGRAM. UTORIAL LESSON #15 N THIS LESSON, WE'LL TRY PARAMETER PASSING. INT X1,Y1 X1=12 Y1=20 DDM(X1,Y1) PRINTLN "THE RESULT WAS " DDM<-RESULT WAITCHAR DONE SUB DDM(INT A, INT B)<-INT RESULT RESULT = PRINTED. HIS OVERWRITES THE ENDING ZERO BYTE, AND SHOULD IN GENERAL PRINT OUT A BUNCH OF GARBAGE. OMETIMES, IF YOU'RE LUCKY, THERE WILL BE ANOTHER 00 SOMEWHERE IN THE ARRAY! F-ELSEIF-ENDIF HE IF-THEN STRUCTURE: IF A=10 DO SOMETHING ELSEIF A=11 DO S SO THEY COULD HAVE THE SAME NAME AS VARIABLES IN THE MAIN PROGRAM. ITH THE RETURN PARAMETER, WHAT WE ARE REALLY DOING IS MAKING A SUBROUTINE VARIABLE VISIBLE TO OUTSIDE ROUTINES. ORMALLY ALL VARIABLES AND SUCH INSIDE A SUBROUTINE BELONG TO THE SUBR AHEAD AND PLAY AROUND WITH IT -- TRY ADDING 1 TO EACH ELEMENT OF THE STRING, ETC. NE IMPORTANT THING TO NOTE: WHEN YOU RUN THE PROGRAM, YOU'LL NOTICE THAT THE LAST NUMBER PRINTED IN THE FOR-LOOP IS A 00. ITH STRINGS, THE VERY LAST ELEMENT WILL BE ZEROABLE CALLED DDM<-RESULT. OU CAN USE IT IN EXPRESSIONS, ETC. JUST LIKE ANY OTHER VARIABLE: X1 = X1 + 2*DDM<-RESULT O IN SUMMARY: A SUBROUTINE IS LIKE A MINI-PROGRAM, WITH ITS OWN VARIABLES AND STATEMENTS. UT, YOU CAN PASS PARAMETERS INTO THE SUBRTRING TO "YELLO" D(0) = 67 ;CHANGE STRING TO "CELLO" N THIS EXAMPLE, D IS A BYTE ARRAY. OU CAN TREAT IT AS A STRING, OR AS A LIST OF NUMBERS. S IN , THE "$" TELLS LANG TO TREAT THE VARIABLE AS A STRING -- WON'T GO INTO THE DETAILS ABOUT THIS,B ;CREATE THE LOCAL VARIABLE B B=10 PRINTLN "IN THE SUBROUTINE, B="B ENDSUB ;END SUBROUTINE PUT "PUTCORE.E.S" OU CAN SEE WHAT MEAN ABOUT A SUBROUTINE BEING A MINI-PROGRAM. ITHIN THE SUBROUTINE YOU DECLARE VARIABLES, HAVE STATEMENTS, AND END IT THE X- AND Y-POSITION OF THE POINT TO BE PLOTTED: RLOT(X1,Y1) UBROUTINES CAN ALSO PASS PARAMETERS BACK TO THE CALLING ROUTINE. NCE YOU "GET" THE IDEA OF PARAMETER PASSING, AND OF LOCAL VARIABLES, THE REST IS A CINCH. UTORIAL LESSON #14: YPE INN THE MAIN PROGRAM. NCE THE ROUTINE FINISHES, THE CALLING PROGRAM CONTINUES EXECUTING WHERE IT LEFT OFF. HE SUBROUTINE DECLARES ITS OWN VARIABLE B. VEN THOUGH IT HAS THE SAME NAME AS THE VARIABLE IN THE MAIN PROGRAM, THIS IS A LOCAL VARIABLE; IT "BNTS, ETC. HE NEAT THING IS THAT THESE VARIABLES AND STATEMENTS ARE LOCAL TO THE SUBROUTINE -- THEY "BELONG" TO THE SUBROUTINE, AND DO NOT INTERACT WITH OTHER SUBROUTINES. HIS ALLOWS YOU TO ORGANIZE YOUR PROGRAMS EFFICIENTLY. UST LIKE A VARIABLE, YOA+B ENDSUB PUT "PUTCORE.E.S" (S BEFORE, <- IS THE BACKARROW KEY) N THIS EXAMPLE, THE SUBROUTINE DDM TAKES TWO INPUT PARAMETERS, A AND B, AND HAS ONE OUTPUT PARAMETER, RESULT. S BEFORE, ALL THREE OF THESEPARAMETERS ARE LOCAL TO THE SUBROUTINE,OMETHING ELSE ENDIF T'S SIMILAR TO THE COMMAND, EXCEPT THAT YOU HAVE AN ELSEIF OR ENDIF COMMAND TO MARK THE BLOCK OF CODE TO BE EXECUTED, JUST LIKE WHILE AND REPEAT. UBROUTINES N , YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH -- IT CALLS A SUBROUTINE, AND OUTINE, AND ARE NOT AVAILABLE OUTSIDE OF THE ROUTINE; THIS IS HOW TO MAKE SPECIFIC ONES AVAILABLE OUTSIDE OF THE SUBROUTINE. UST AS WITH INPUT VARIABLES, THERE CAN BE A WHOLE LIST OF OUTPUT VARIABLES. ACK IN THE MAIN PROGRAM, THIS IS JUST ANOTHER VARI -- THIS IS WHAT TELLS LANG WHERE THE END OF THE STRING IS. F YOU OVERWRITE THIS ENDING ZERO, YOU'LL GENERALLY GET A WHOLE BUNCH OF GARBAGE. O.. . UTORIAL LESSON #13 HANGE THE LINE D(0) = 67 TO D(5) = 67 AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE STRING IS  OUTINE, AND YOUCAN RETRIEVE VARIABLES OUT OF THE SUBROUTINE, AS NEEDED. UBROUTINES ARE REALLY HELPFUL IN ORGANIZING AND SIMPLIFYING PROGRAMS, SO IT'S WELL WORTH TAKING THE TIME TO UNDERSTAND THEM IF YOU DON'T ALREADY! AVING OBJECT CODE NCE YOU'VE WRI BUT THINK THE MEANING IS PRETTY CLEAR FROM THE ABOVE EXAMPLE. UTORIAL LESSON #12 ERE'S A SIMPLE PROGRAM USING STRINGS TO TRY OUT: UBYTE D(20),I D$="HELLO" PRINTLN "D$=" D$ D(0) = 67 PRINTLN "D$=" D$ FOR I=0:5 PRINTLN D(I) ENDFOR WAITCHAR DONE O UAGES ON COMPUTERS? : , OF COURSE. , A DERIVATIVE LANGUAGE FROM ENMARK, WAS NICELY CONSTRUCTED. LAYED AROUND A LITTLE WITH , BUT THAT LANGUAGE DOESN'T FIT COMFORTABLY INTO AN 8-BIT ENVIRONMENT. : HAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE COMPUTE ORE.E.S' HE TWO CRITICAL DIFFERENCES HERE ARE 1) WE ARE NOW USING PRINT INSTEAD OF SPRINT, AND 2) THE "PUT" COMMAND AT THE END OF THE FILE. OR NOW, INSTEAD OF GOING INTO DETAIL ON , LET'S JUST SAY THAT YOU NEED THAT LINE AT THE END OF YOUR CODE  CH WAY YOU THINK IS CLEARER. OU CAN ALSO PRINT TO ANY PART OF THE SCREEN: PRINT(B,20) "THIS IS ROW "B UTORIAL LESSON #10: EPLACE THE PRINTLN STATMENT WITH THE ABOVE "THIS IS ROW" STATEMENT, AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS. S YOU CAN SEE, PRINT IS MUCH MORE PRARY BOVE WE USED THE CORE LIBRARY, USING THE LINE PUT "PUTCORE.E.S" AT THE END OF THE PROGRAM (WHETHER YOU USE ' OR " QUOTES DOESN'T MATTER, INCIDENTALLY). HIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT LIBRARY AND IS NEEDED FOR MORE THAN JUST PRINT. UTORIAL LESSON #11: RROR AT THE MULTIPLICATION. HEN ADD THE LINE PUT 'PUTCORE.E.S' TO THE END OF THE PROGRAM, COMPILE... AND IT WILL WORK. ND SINCE YOU'RE INCLUDING THE CORE LIBRARY ANYWAYS, YOU CAN GO AHEAD AND PRINT OUT B IF YOU WANT TO. HY USE A LIBRARY? F YOU KNOCALL THESE ROUTINES INSTEAD OF WRITING THEIR OWN. IMILARLY, IN A COMPILED LANGUAGE LIKE LANG, SOMETIMES IT MAKES SENSE TO CALL A COMMON ROUTINE TO PERFORM SOME TASK. LIBRARY IS NOTHING MORE THAN A COLLECTION OF USEFUL ROUTINES. RRAYS AND TRI VE THE GLORY YEARS, WOULD YOU DO ANYTHING DIFFERENTLY? : DON'T THINK SO. N ANOTHER PATH, COULD HAVE GONE FOR BIG BUCKS; BUT MAKING MONEY CARRIES A RESPONSIBILITY TO SUPPORT AND SERVICE, AND THAT WOULD HAVE TAKEN THE FUN OUT OF IT. : S YOUR COPICS AT THIS POINT. RRAYS IN LANG WORK MUCH THE SAME AS ARRAYS IN . OU DECLARE THEM VERY SIMILARLY TO OTHER VARIABLES: INT B ;REGULAR VARIABLE INT C(20) ;ARRAY HIS IS SIMILAR TO USING THE STATEMENT, IF THAT HELPS. HERE'S JUST ONE THING TCED IN QUANTITIES AS GREAT AS SOME OF THE EARLIER MACHINES, AND SO THE USER COMMUNITY HASN'T BEEN QUITE AS FURIOUS. : HAT KIND OF HOME COMPUTER DO YOU CURRENTLY USE? : 128 .. MIGA .. ENTIUM SYSTEM. LL THREE. : HO WERE YOUR INFLUENCES AS RELATG, THEN ONE THING YOU CAN DO IS TO ADD ONE EXTRA ELEMENT TO ANY ARRAY -- LIKE, USE "INT C(21)" -- AND NOT WORRY ABOUT IT. TRINGS ALSO ARE REALLY SIMILAR TO , BUT YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO GET ONE THING STRAIGHT IN YOUR HEAD: STRINGS ARE REALLY JUST R THAT PRODUCED? : DON'T KNOW THAT HAVE A SINGLE FAVORITE. HE EARLY / MACHINES WERE GREAT "DISCOVERY" PLATFORMS, WHERE WE COULD INVESTIGATE THESE WONDERFUL NEW COMPUTERS. HE ADVENT OF THE -20 AND THE OMMODORE 64 BROUGHT COLOR AND SOU 2 UTORIAL LESSON #9: HAT WE ARE GOING TO USE IS A SIMPLE SOURCE CODE FILE. RY TYPING IN THE FOLLOWING CODE, AND COMPILE AND RUN IT: BYTE B FOR B=1:10 PRINTLN "B=" B NEXT PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY..." WAITCHAR DONE PUT 'PUTC-- AFTER THE DONE STATEMENT -- IF YOU WANT TO USE THE FULL PRINT COMMAND. OTICE THAT WE HAVE PUT BOTH A STRING AND A NUMBER ON THE PRINT LINE, SIMILAR TO . OU CAN ALSO SEPARATE THESE WITH COMMAS, IF YOU LIKE: PRINT "B=",B T JUST DEPENDS ON WHIOWERFUL AND FLEXIBLE THAN SPRINT, BUT THE DOWNSIDE IS THAT YOU NEED TO THE CORE LIBRARY IN THERE, WHICH INCREASES COMPILE TIME AND MAKES THE PROGRAM MUCH LARGER. XPERIENCE WILL HELP YOU FIGURE OUT WHEN YOU WANT TO USE ONE OR THE OTHER. HE CORE LIBULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION OF BYTES/INTS REQUIRES THIS LIBRARY, AND YOU WILL GET AN ERROR IF YOU DON'T INCLUDE THE CORE LIBRARY. (RINT WILL ALSO GENERATE AN ERROR.) RY THE FOLLOWING PROGRAM: INT B B=10 B=B*2 DONE OW COMPILE IT, AND YOU WILL GET AN EW , YOU KNOW THAT A COMMAND LIKE "PRINT" ACTUALLY CALLS A ROUTINE IN THE S TO DO ITS THING. HE S ARE, FOR THE MOST PART, ONE BIG LIBRARY, BUT THEY ARE IN INSTEAD OF IN A DISK FILE. OMETIMES MACHINE LANGUAGE PROGRAMMERS WILL NGS E'RE JUST ABOUT DONE HERE. 'M NOT GOING TO COVER ALL OF THE AVAILABLE COMMANDS; THE GOAL HERE IS TO GET ACROSS THE MAJOR COMMANDS, AND THEN YOUCAN BROWSE THE SLANGREF.TXT DOCUMENT TO CHECK OUT OTHER COMMANDS. O 'LL JUST TOUCH ON THE REMAINING T O REMEMBER: ARRAY INDICES START AT 0. N THE ABOVE DECLARATION, YOU CAN ADDRESS C(0), C(1), C(2), ... C(19), LIKE C(19) = 1000 BUT C(20) = 1000 WILL BE INCORRECT (AND MAY CAUSE A CRASH). HERE ARE 20 ELEMENTS TOTAL: 0 THROUGH 19. F IT'S TOO CONFUSINED TO WRITING? : OBODY SPECIFIC. UST TRIED TO WRITE IT AS WOULD SAY IT. : HO WERE YOUR INFLUENCES AS RELATED TO PROGRAMMING? : 'VE WORKED WITH A LOT OF SHARP PROGRAMMERS OVER THE YEARS. OT ONE CAN PICK OUT ESPECIALLY. : F YOU COULD RELIBYTES. HERE IS NO "STRING" TYPE, LIKE BYTE/INT/FLOAT; STRINGS ARE JUST BYTES. OU ALREADY KNOW THIS, FROM : D$="A" ;TREATING LETTER "A" AS A STRING D$=CHR$(65) ;TREATING "A" AS THE NUMBER 65 HE LETTER "A" IS REALLY JUST A NUMBER -- 65 IN THIS CUND, WHICH ADDED TO THE CHARM OF THESE HOME COMPUTERS; BUT THEY PAID A PENALTY IN SLOW DISK ACCESS AND SCREEN WIDTH LIMITATIONS. ODAY, PERHAPS THE OMMODORE 128 RANKS AS THE BEST, OR AT LEAST THE COMPUTER WITH MOST GENERAL USABILITY. UT IT WASN'T PRODU OR PEOPLE WHO WANTED TO TRY OUT THE CHIP. : AS IT SIMILAR TO THE LTAIR WHERE YOU HAD TO MANUALLY INCREMENT AN ADDRESS- COUNTER BEFORE YOU COULD THROW THE SWITCHES TO SET THE BYTE AT THAT ADDRESS? : O, THE -1 HAD AN OPERATING SYSTEM IN . HAT D MODIFIED THOSE EARLIER VERSIONS SO THAT THEY WOULD WORK THE SAME ACROSS ALL PLATFORMS. : ID YOU EVER EXPAND THE MINI-ASSEMBLER IN UPERON INTO A FULL-BLOWN ASSEMBLER DEVELOPMENT PACKAGE? : O. HUSTLED RAD EMPLETON INTO WRITING , SO THAT TH CT WITH PROGRAMS. DECIDED TO PUT THE TWO TOGETHER AND GENERATE A SELF-RELOCATING . HAT WAS DESIRABLE IN EARLY / DAYS, WHERE SOME COMPUTERS WOULD COME WITH 8 , SOME WITH 16, AND OTHERS WITH 32; YOU COULDN'T ASSUME WHERE THE TOP OF ME TH RYPTONITE. ESCRIBE YOUR WORST EXPERIENCE AS A SOFTWARE DEVELOPER / TECHNICAL WRITER. : Y FIRST PUBLICATION OF UPERON IN OMPUTE! MAGAZINE HAD THE WRONG END-OF ADDRESS SUPPLIED (MY FAULT). GOT A OF MAIL AND PHONE CALLS ON THAT ONE. : HT PROMPTED YOU TO WRITE UPERON? : N THE EARLY DAYS OF OMMODORE PERSONAL COMPUTERS, THERE WERE QUITE A FEW MACHINE LANGUAGE MONITORS AROUND. HEY WERE PARTLY BASED ON SOME PUBLICLY PUBLISHED CODE BY TEVE OZNIAK (OF PPLE!), AND PARTLY BASED ON THEJECT UNDER WAY, IT "FOLLOWS ME AROUND" UNTIL IT'S COMPLETE; FRET OVER IT AND CAN'T PUT IT AWAY UNTIL ALL THE PIECES ARE IN PLACE. : F SO, DID YOU EVER CHANGE THIS METHODOLOGY? : OT TO ANY GREAT EXTENT. HALF-WRITTEN PROGRAM BUGS ME, AND WON'T OT COMPUTER-RELATED? : Y FIRST WRITING EXPERIENCE WAS A TREATISE ON TRANSISTOR THEORY, PUBLISHED BY OPULAR LECTRONICS IN UGUST OF 1959. OT MUCH ELSE. : ID YOU WRITE COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE FOR ANY OF THE OMMODORE COMPUTERS? : S A GENERAL RULE, CIENT. OU ALWAYS HAD THE INSIDE INFO ON THE NEWEST COMPUTERS AND ALWAYS SEEMED TO BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THEIR COMPLEXITIES IN A MANNER THAT WOULD SUGGEST THAT YOU HAD A LOT OF TIME TO STUDY THEM. DON'T KNOW A WHOLE LOT ABOUT YOUR EMPLOYMENT DURING THOU HAD THE BUDGET FOR A PRINTER, YOU'D HAVE A HARD TIME DOING AN ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, OF COURSE. UT THIS IS THE 6502 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT! ND WE ALL KNOW IT CAN DO ! : HAT WAS THE LAST BOOK THAT YOU WROTE? : T'S PROBABLY THE REVISED VERSIOT WAS LEARNING TO IGNORE MOST OF IT. OMMODORE WAS BUBBLING OVER WITH IDEAS AND PLANS THAT NEVER CAME TO FRUITION. HERE WAS NO POINT IN WRITING ABOUT PROJECTS THAT NEVER HAPPENED (THE OMMODORE MUSIC BOX? THE CASH REGISTER? THE VIDEOTAPE/DISK STORAGE DE'S ONE OF THE THINGS THAT MADE ALL USERS "EQUAL" AND ABLE TO SHARE PROGRAMS, WHILE THE OTHER EARLY MICRO OWNERS HAD QUITE A SCATTERING OF STUFF. : HAT YOU DO WITH A -1? : EY, WATCH IT! HAT'S LIKE SAYING, "HAT COULD YOU DO WITH A OMMERE WOULD BE AN ASSEMBLER AVAILABLE FOR THOSE WHO NEEDED IT. HERE HAD BEEN A FEW ASSEMBLERS AROUND BEFORE THAT - OMMODORE HAD ONE, AND ANOTHER WAS THE SYSTEM - BUT WAS SURE THAT SOMEBODY LIKE RAD COULD DO BETTER. : VEN UPERMAN HAD TO PUT UP WIMORY WOULD BE. N THOSE DAYS, ALMOST EVERY OMMODORE COMPUTER CAME WITH A SMALL BUILT- IN , AND THE FIRST UPERMON WAS AN ADD-ON. ATER, AS OMMODORE CHANGED THE STYLE OF THE PACKAGES THEY BUILT INTO NEWER MACHINES SUCH AS THE 128, WENT BACK ANAD HEARD A RUMOR PERTAINING TO YOUR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT HABITS THAT INDICATED YOU WOULD APPROACH A GIVEN PROJECT WITH FULL FORCE. OU WOULD FOCUS YOUR UNDIVIDED ATTENTION ON IT UNTIL IT WAS COMPLETE. S THIS RUMOR ACCURATE? : OSSIBLY. F HAVE A PRO ECHNOLOGY MONITOR, FROM -1 DAYS. WO VARIANTS OF THE BASIC MONITOR CAUGHT MY EYE: EWON, WHICH ADDED SEVERAL USEFUL FEATURES TO THE BASIC ACHINE ANGUAGE ONITOR; AND ION, WHICH SITED THE MONITOR IN UPPER MEMORY WHERE IT WOULDN'T CONFLIREST UNTIL IT'S FINISHED . MIGHT, HOWEVER, DECIDE THAT 'M TAKING THE WRONG TRACK, AND SCRAP A PROGRAM COMPLETELY IN ORDER TO START OVER. HIS ISN'T A LOSS: THE FIRST ATTEMPT CAN SHOW YOU WHAT'S REALLY WANTED. : OUR ARTICLES MADE YOU SEEM A BIT OMNISNO. LL MY STUFF IS PUBLIC DOMAIN. T ONE TIME, HAD WRITTEN A SIMPLE SPELL-CHECKING ENGINE THAT WAS INCORPORATED INTO A WORD PROCESSING PACKAGE FOR A WHILE. : UPERON WAS A TOOL THAT USED DAILY WHEN DEVELOPING ROUTINES OR EXPLORING THE 64. HA E MID/LATE 80'S. ERE YOU AFFILIATED WITH ? BETA-TESTER? : HAD MANY FRIENDS IN OMMODORE ANADA, BUT NEVER WORKED FOR THE COMPANY, ALTHOUGH DID CONTRACT WORK FOR THEM ON OCCASION. HE BIG PROBLEM WAS NOT GETTING INFORMATION FROM OMMODORE; IN OF "ACHINE ANGUAGE OR THE OMMODORE 64, 128, AND THER OMMODORE OMPUTERS". N 1985 AND 1986, HOWEVER, DID PRODUCE A "POCKET DIARY" REFERENCE GUIDE FOR OMMODORE 8- BIT COMPUTERS. : AVE YOU EVER WRITTEN ARTICLES OR BOOKS ON SUBJECTS THAT ARE NVICE?). TOOK THE POSITION: "ON'T TELL ME ABOUT IT UNTIL IT'S A REAL PRODUCT! OMMODORE ANADA WAS AN EXCELLENT SOURCE OF INFORMATION, AND RELIED ON THEM TO KEEP ME FROM STRAYING TOO FAR INTO TECHNICAL SPECULATION. : ID YOU USE ANY HIGH-LEVEL LANGODORE 64" ? LTHOUGH THE -1 CAME WITH A HEXADECIMAL KEYPAD RATHER THAN A KEYBOARD, AND OUTPUT TO A SIX-DIGIT DISPLAY, YOU COULD USE THOSE TO GOOD ADVANTAGE HOOK UP EXTRA STUFF. LAY MUSIC? LAY LACKJACK? UNT THE UMPUS? KEET SHOOT? NLESS Y HEN USE THE ORUM AND HTTP://SOURCEFORGE.NET/PROJECTS/POTRAC E - WHAT ARE THE MAIN PROBLEMS CONVERTING THE SOFTWARE TO OTHER PLATFORMS, CAN YOU GIVE A QUICK HOW TO ON CONVERSION TO OUR READER, IS THERE ANY HELP ON CONVERTING LETS SAY AN MIGA APPLIC ST IN THE OMMODORE 64 COMPUTER BEGAN IN 1983. T THE TIME, MY PRIMARY SOURCE OF INFORMATION PERTAINING TO THE 64 CAME FROM OMPUTE! AND OMPUTE!'S AZETTE PUBLICATIONS. NE AUTHOR'S NAME STOODFROM THE REST; IM UTTERFIELD. USED TO TURN TO IM'S ARTOF THE OMMODORE 64. S IMPORTANT AS THE SPECIFICS OF WRITING CODE FOR THE 64 WAS IM'S STYLE. E WOULD OFTEN WRITE CODE THAT WAS READILY PORTABLE TO MULTIPLE MACHINES. IS CODE HAD LONGEVITY AND PURPOSE. HE SOLIDITY OF HIS PROGRAMS LEFT ME WITH A R THAT FEW PEOPLE HAVE EVER HEARD OF: A OLLINS ADIO -8401. HAT WAS SHORTLY FOLLOWED BY WORK ON AN 1401, WHICH HAD A MACHINE LANGUAGE THAT WAS ALPHANUMERIC. (ONEST! OU COULD KEYPUNCH / DIRECTLY! ) : ERE NUMBERS EXPRESSED IN ASE-36? : O.E. HUS, TO MOVE BYTES FROM AN AREA AT, SAY ADDRESS 123 TO ADDRESS 456 THE INSTRUCTION WOULD BE 123456. !!! ! : ID YOU GUYS HAVE CONTESTS TO SPELL OUT GOOFY WORDS AS PART OF A PROGRAM? ( KNOW OF A PROGRAMMER WHO USED TO REGULT YOU OWNED? : OT COUNTING THE -1, WHICH WAS POWERED BY RUBBER BANDS AND WAS MORE CORRECTLY A LOGIC MACHINE: HE -1, A SINGLE-BOARD MICROCOMPUTER MADE BY ECHNOLOGIES, NC., OF ORRISTOWN . ECHNOLOGIES WAS SUBSEQUENTLY ACQUIRED BY AN INPUT AND AN OUTPUT, AND A FEW PARAMETERS THAT ONE CAN TWEAK ALONG THE WAY. O NEVER SAW THE NEED FOR A GRAPHICAL INTERFACE. OWEVER, OTHERS HAVE WRITTEN SUCH INTERFACES FOR OTRACE. EE HTTP://POTRACE.SOURCEFORGE.NET/#OTHER ...END... 0 OR ED ACK RAMIEL OF OMMODORE THAT THEY SHOULD LAUNCH A PERSONAL COMPUTER CALLED "HE ". GOT ONE OF THOSE NOT LONG AFTER THEY STARTED PRODUCTION. : ID YOU HAVE FORMAL TRAINING IN COMPUTER PROGRAMMING? : ES, ON THAT LONG-AGO OLLINS -8401. UT RT TO OTHER PLATFORMS IS THIS WHY YOU ONLY PERSONALLY PRODUCED THE COMMAND LINE VERSION OF OTRACE O, PORTABILITY WAS NOT A CONSIDERATION IN MY DECISION TO PRODUCE A COMMAND-LINE TOOL. CTUALLY, USE THE COMMAND LINE A LOT. F NEED TO CONVERT 200 IM COLLABORATED ON A VOLUME CALLED "HE IRST OOK OF ", A BOOK DESCRIBING HOW TO DO THINGS WITH THE -1 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER. HAT COMPUTER WAS POWERED BY A 6502,BY THE WAY; IN FACT THE - 1 BOARD ITSELF WAS DESIGNED AS A ENGINEERING PROTOTYPE FATION TO LINUX OR EVEN THE , Y MAIN ADVICE IS TO WRITE THE SOFTWARE PORTABLY IN THE FIRST PLACE. ORTUNATELY FOR ME, WITHIN THE NIX COMMUNITY, THERE ARE SOME WELL-ESTABLISHED STANDARDS FOR THE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT THAT ANY NIX SYSTEM SHOULD PROVU NTERVIEW WITH TEVE UDD 6502 ROGRAMMING ANGUAGE HTTP://WWW.FFD2.COM/FRIDGE/SLANG/ - HAT FIRST INTRODUCED YOU TO OMPUTING AND ESPECIALLY COMMODORE BOUGHT A 64+1541 IN 1984 -- IN EIGHTH GRADE -- FOR $400 OF SAVED UP PAPER ROU IM UTTERFIELD: HE OMMODORE URU -N NTERVIEW OPYRIGHT 1996, 1999 BY IM AWLESS HIS ARTICLE ORIGINALLY APPEARED IN OMMODORE ACKING #14. HTTP://WWW.RADIKS.NET/JIMBO/ART/C642. HTM Y INITIAL INTEREICLES IMMEDIATELY WHEN MANAGED TO GET MY HANDS ON A NEW MAGAZINE. R. UTTERFIELD HAS THE RARE ABILITY TO DESCRIBE COMPLEX SUBJECTS IN SIMPLE TERMS. 'M CERTAIN THAT 'M NOT ALONE WHEN CREDIT IM WITH HAVING TAUGHT ME A LOT ABOUT THE INNER WORKINGS LASTING IMPRESSION PERTAINING TO HOW SOFTWARE SHOULD BE DEVELOPED. HE FOLLOWING INTERVIEW WITH IM WAS CONDUCTED VIA E-MAIL. : HAT WAS THE FIRST PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE THAT YOU LEARNED? : N ABOUT 1963, AN ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE CALLED FOR A COMPUTE ECIMAL. HE BASIC MACHINE HAD 1000 BYTES (NOT 1) OF (7-BIT) MEMORY (CORE, NOT !) SO ADDRESSES RANGED FROM 000 TO 999 (AND WERE GIVEN IN DECIMAL, OF COURSE) .XPANDED MACHINES HAD 4, THEN 16 ... THE ADDRESSES WERE SLIGHTLY MORE COMPLEX IN THAT CASARLY USE THE RETURN CODE $0 TO INDICATE A PROBLEM... ) : O (THE ADDRESSES MIXED IN WITH THE OP CODES RULED THAT OUT), BUT YOU COULD DO FUN THINGS ON A 1401 IF THE SYSTEM MANAGER WASN'T LOOKING SUCH AS PLAY MUSIC. : HAT WAS THE FIRST COMPUTER THAOMMODORE. : HEN DID YOU FIRST ENCOUNTER A OMMODORE COMPUTER? : HEN OMMODORE ACQUIRED ECHNOLOGIES, THE COMPUTER THAT HAD OWNED FOR OVER A YEAR BECAME A OMMODORE COMPUTER. UBSEQUENTLY, AN EMPLOYEE OF ECHNOLOGIES, HUCK EDDLE, CONVINCAGES, WOULD MUCH RATHER WRITE SOMETHING LIKE "POTRACE *.PNM" THAN GOING THROUGH SOME GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE WHERE HAVE TO MANUALLY CLICK, DRAG, AND DROP 200 FILES. RACING OF IMAGES IS NOT FUNDAMENTALLY AN INTERACTIVE PROCESS. RETTY MUCH THERE IS  THIS WAS MORE A PROCESS- CONTROL MACHINE; IT DIDN'T USE OF ANY THE NEWFANGLED (AT THE TIME) LANGUAGES SUCH AS ORTRAN AND OBOL. O MY TRAINING WAS IN MACHINE LANGUAGE/ASSEMBLER. : HAT WAS THE FIRST BOOK THAT YOU WROTE? : COUPLE OF ENTHUSIASTS ANDIDE. NE SUCH SET OF STANDARDS IS KNOWN AS . INCE ENVIRONMENTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE FOR INDOWS AND THE ACINTOSH, PORTING TO THOSE PLATFORMS WAS FOR THE MOST PART NOT VERY DIFFICULT. - PRESUME THAT COMMAND LINE VERSIONS ARE QUICK TO CONVE CAN RUN ON VIRTUALLY ANY SYSTEM THAT HAS A COMPILER AND SOME -LIKE LIBRARY FUNCTIONS. T WAS DEVELOPED ON INUX, AND RUNS ON EVERY FLAVOUR OF NIX, INDOWS, AND THE ACINTOSH. LFRED AUST PORTED IT TO THE MIGA (4) AND ATTHIAS USTLER TO  SHEET OF PAPER AT REDUCED SIZE. OST OFF-THE-SHELF SOFTWARE DOES THIS VERY BADLY, BY LEAVING HUGE MARGINS AND MAKING THE TEXT WAY TOO SMALL. - LIKE THE OTRACE MASCOT CAN YOU TELL OUR READER A LITTLE ABOUT IT. HE MASCOT WAS DESIGNED BY AROL REN IS LOTS OF SOFTWARE THAT IS OFFERED WITHOUT PAYMENT, BUT THAT DOES NOT GIVE YOU ANY FREEDOM. SOFTWARE IS NOT LIKE THAT. - HAT OTHER SOFTWARE HAVE YOU WRITTEN, AND ARE YOU WORKING ON ANY OTHER PROJECTS AT THE MOMENT HAVE WRITTEN LOTS OF SOFTWAR DID YOU MANAGE TO FIND SOMETHING SIMILAR AND ADAPT IT TO YOUR NEEDS HE LARGEST CHALLENGE IN WRITING THIS SOFTWARE WAS DESIGNING THE OTRACE TRACING ALGORITHM. HIS IS REALLY THE HEART OF THE SOFTWARE. WROTE ALL OF IT MYSELF, EXCEPT FOR THE BACKE ENERAL UBLIC ICENSE (), YOU ARE FREE TO USE THE SOFTWARE. OWEVER, MUCH MORE IS TRUE: YOU ARE ALSO FREE TO MODIFY, RECOMPILE, AND REDISTRIBUTE IT. HE PRIMARY RESTRICTION IS THAT WHEN YOU REDISTRIBUTE (MODIFIED OR UNMODIFIED) VERSIONS OF OTRWILL ADD THIS ABILITY IN THE FUTURE, BUT DO NOT CURRENTLY HAVE A CONCRETE PLAN TO DO SO. HERE IS SOME SOFTWARE, SUCH AS NKSCAPE (WWW.INKSCAPE.ORG), WHICH IS ABLE TO USE OTRACE ON COLOR IMAGES, ESSENTIALLY BY DECOMPOSING THE IMAGE INTO A SERIES OF BIT THEY DID OTRACE WAS ALMOST ENTIRELY WRITTEN BY MYSELF. OR NDERSSON WROTE A BACKEND FOR OUTPUTTING . AROL RENSKI CONTRIBUTED THE LOGO, WHICH HE OF COURSE CREATED USING OTRACE. ANY PEOPLE HAVE HELPED WITH FINDING AND REPORTING BUGS. - UR RLSO WORKS REASONABLY WELL ON TEXT, PROVIDED THAT THE CHARACTERS HAVE BEEN RENDERED AT A HIGH ENOUGH RESOLUTION. OMPLEX IMAGES ARE NO PROBLEM, BECAUSE OTRACE IS QUITE FAST EVEN ON MOST LARGE IMAGES. NE THING THAT OTRACE DOES NOT WORK TOO WELL ON IS NOUR INTENTION TO PRODUCE JUST A OMMAND LINE VERSION ES. OTRACE ADHERES TO THE OLD NIX PHILOSOPHY OF "DOING ONLY ONE THING, AND DOING IT WELL". HIS IS WHY CALL IT A "UTILITY" AND NOT AN "APPLICATION". T HAS NO FANCY USER INTERFACE OR ADD-ON FUNCTID ARE THERE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT CHARGES PLANNED HE CURRENT VERSION IS 1.8. OTRACE IS QUITE STABLE AT THE MOMENT, WHICH MEANS IT WORKS RELIABLY AND THERE IS NO NEED TO MAKE LOTS OF CHANGES TO THE SOFTWARE. - OW CAN OUR READER HELP WITH THE PROJECT , THE MIGA ESEARCH PERATING YSTEM (WHICH RUNS ON NTEL HARDWARE) - NY POSSIBILITY OF A OR HEELS VERSION FOR OMMODORE 64 OWNERS HE SOURCE CODE IS AVAILABLE; WITH A COMPILER AND SOME PATIENCE, DON'T SEE WHY SOMEONE COULD NOT COMPILE ITSKI, A OLISH ARTIST WHO WAS AN EARLY AND ENTHUSIASTIC USER OF OTRACE. OU CAN SEE SOME MORE OF HIS WORKS AT WWW.SGSP.EDU.PL/INNE/GALERIE/KRENSKI/K RENSKI.PHP - WHAT PROBLEMS DID YOU HAVE CREATING THE SOFTWARE, WAS ALL THE CODE CREATED BY YOURSELF ORE. HE MOST POPULAR ITEMS BESIDES OTRACE ARE: -CRYPT, A SIMPLE AND SECURE COMMAND-LINE ENCRYPTION PROGRAM (CCRYPT.SOURCEFORGE.NET) -PPRINT, A PRINTER FRONTEND FOR N-UP AND DOUBLE SIDED PRINTING. -UP PRINTING MEANS PUTTING MULTIPLE PAGES ON A SINGLEND. - SEE THIS IS A ALREADY BUT FOR OUR READER WHO DESNT READ THE _S -AN OTRACE SCAN AND CONVERT OLOUR FILES AS WELL AS MONO IMAGES, ARE THERE PLANS FOR THE SOFTWARE TO CONVERT COLOUR IMAGES O, IT CANNOT CONVERT COLOUR IMAGES. ERHAPS ACE, YOU MUST AGAIN DO SO UNDER THE TERMS OF THE . HIS MEANS THAT NOBODY CAN INTEGRATE OTRACE, OR ANYTHING DERIVED FROM IT, INTO A NON- PROGRAM WITHOUT MY PERMISSION. LEASE NOTE THAT "FREE" IN THIS CONTEXT REFERS TO FREEDOM, NOT TO PRICE. HERETONAL IMAGES, TRACING EACH OF THEM SEPARATELY, AND THEN PUTTING THE RESULTS TOGETHER AGAIN. - OES THE SOFTWARE WORK EQUALLY WELL ON TEXT OR COMPLEX IMAGES HE BEST RESULTS ARE OBTAINED ON HANDWRITING AND HAND-DRAWN IMAGES SUCH AS CARTOONS. OTRACE AEADER MAY.NOT BE AWARE OF THE " ENERAL UBLIC ICENSE". AN YOU EXPLAIN THIS DOES IT MEAN THE SOFTWARE IS FREE TO USE. OR A FULL EXPLANATION OF THE LICENSE, READ THE FILE THAT IS DISTRIBUTED WITH OTRACE. HE SHORT ANSWER IS: YES, UNDER THE ISY IMAGES. T IS IMPORTANT TO PREPARE THE INPUT IMAGE CAREFULLY TO GET BEST TRACING RESULTS. WROTE ANOTHER PROGRAM CALLED "MKBITMAP" THAT CAN HELP DOING THIS. T IS DISTRIBUTED TOGETHER WITH OTRACE. - HAT IS THE CURRENT VERSION OF THE SOFTWARE ANONALITY. T CAN BE USED IN BATCH MODE OR SCRIPTS. OTRACE ALSO CAN ONLY READ A HANDFUL OF IMAGE FORMATS. HERE ARE OTHER, MUCH BETTER PROGRAMS FOR CONVERTING ONE IMAGE FORMAT TO ANOTHER. - AN YOU TELL OUR READER WHO CONTRIBUTED TO THE PROJECT AND WHA SE OTRACE AND TELL OTHERS ABOUT IT! - IS THERE A FORUM FOR PEOPLE WITH PROBLEMS USING THE SOFTWARE, CAN USERS EMAIL YOU DIRECTLY OR PROBLEMS, USERS SHOULD FIRST CHECK THE REQUENTLY SKED UESTIONS HTTP://POTRACE.SOURCEFORGE.NET/FAQ.HTM L AND T FOR THE OMMODORE 64. F COURSE, SOME EXPANDED WILL BE NECESSARY, AS THE OTRACE SOURCE CODE RUNS TO ABOUT 260 KILOBYTES, NOT INCLUDING SHARED LIBRARIES. - NOTICE THE SOFTWARE IS OMMAND LINE ONLY BUT OTHER USERS HAVE ADDED VERSIONS, WAS YO TE JUST IN TIME ALONE IS THE BIGGEST "PROBLEM" WE HAVE. MASSIVE PROBLEM IN THE NEAR PAST WAS, TO CONVERT THE KNOWN BASED O INTO A Y BASED STRUCTURE. AN HAPMAN SOLVED THIS PROBLEMS BY HIMSELF, AND MOST USERS WOULD NOT HAVE NOTICED, THAT T ITY; WE NEED TO ESTABLISH MUCH MORE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AND OMMODORE USERS ALL OVER THE WORLD. SPECIALLY: WOULD LIKE TO ASK WHAT IS THE THINKING OF YOUR RITISH READERS ABOUT THE "ERMAN KRAUTS"? S THIS A JUSTIFIED PREJUDICE? HAT'S A REALL . HE IDEA FOR THIS ITEM WAS BORN IN A GERMAN MIGA COMMUNITY. T TAKES A LOT OF MONTHS TO DISCUSS THIS ITEM AND THE USERS WROTE DOWN THEIR WISHES FOR THE DEVICE. LSO A LOT OF GERMAN HARDWARE DEVELOPERS ARE USERS OF THIS FORUM. T LAST, ONE OF THE I HAVE 1 MILLION , I'D LIKE TO SPEND THEM IN THE SAME WAY AS I'LL SPEND THE MONEY, WHICH AN HAS COLLECTED WITH O DONATIONS AS ANNOUNCED SOME MONTH AGO. F ANYONE HAD AN ABSOLUTELY NEW IDEA FOR ANY AMIGA RELATED HARDWARE, THE O WOULD LIKE TODON'T THINK THAT THE O EVER WILL BE FINISHED. HERE IS SO MUCH VERY OLD HARDWARE, WHICH IS NOT LISTED IN OUR DATABASE, BECAUSE NO ONE HAS ANY INFORMATION ABOUT THIS ITEM. ROM TIME TO TIME WE GET NEW INFO ABOUT INTERESTING OLD HARDWARE COMPLETE TYEST REGARDS, ARIO ISIC HTTP://AMIGAHARDWARE.MARIOMISIC.DE/IND EXE.HTML ...END... 256 BYTES. O WHERE DO THE WORDS COME FROM? ELL, $1 IS ACTUALLY WHERE THE 64 KEEPS SOME OF ITS ERROR MESSAGES & THIS IS WHAT YOU'RE SEEING. ELL, THINK THAT'A, FOR EXAMPLE IS IT JUST THE SOFTWARE (OPERATING SYSTEM) N MY MIND, THE IS HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE. IS MORE AFEELING, WHICH IS MUCH MORE HARD TO EXPLAIN LIKE THE FEELING OF . MIGA WAS AND IS A FEELING YOU HAVE TO LIVE TO EXPERIE DEVELOP OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE IN MY FREE TIME. - OW DID YOU GET INVOLVED WITH OMMODORE MACHINES AND DO YOU STILL ACTIVELY USE OMMODORE MACHINES Y BROTHER HAD A -64 WHEN WAS 12 OR 13 YEARS OLD. SPENT THE NEXT FEW YEARS PROGRAMMING IT IN ASOK UP AGAIN FOR THE MACHINE HE CURRENT STATE IS QUITE COMPLICATED. T'S NOT POSSIBLE TO SAY WHERE THE WILL GO IN FUTURE. HAVE A DREAM THAT THE WOULD AGAIN REACH THE STATUS, THAT IT HAD IN THE PAST. UT 'M OLD ENOUGH TO LET THIS DRE A BITMAPPED BLACK-AND-WHITE IMAGE, SUCH AS YOU WOULD GET FROM A SCANNER OR DIGITAL CAMERA, AND TURNS IT INTO A SCALABLE VECTOR IMAGE USING EZIER CURVES. HE OUTPUT CAN BE FURTHER PROCESSED WITH A VECTOR GRAPHICS EDITOR SUCH AS NKSCAPE. HERE IS OTHERHE O "STRUCTURE BEHIND WAS CHANGED" - S THERE ANY HARDWARE YOU PARTICULARLY WANT TO KNOW THE DETAILS OF E'VE A LOT OF HARDWARE WE DON'T KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT. OR THIS REASON, WE'VE CRATED A CATEGORY CALLED "YSTERY ORNER" IN WHICH WE INTRODUCE Y SILLY QUESTION, I KNOW. UT IT WAS A QUESTION 'M VERY INTERESTED IN, BECAUSE WE ERMAN 'NS HAVE FEWER CONTACTS WITH RITISH USERS THAN WE WOULD LIKE TO HAVE. - F YOU WERE GIVEN 1 MILLION POUNDS WHAT WOULD YOU SPEND THE MONEY ON F  HARDWARE DEVELOPERS PRODUCED THE HARDWARE FOR THE COMMUNITY. S YOU CAN SEE, YOU CAN SEE NO END OF THE O. - HAT QUESTION WOULD YOU HAVE LIKED ME TO ASK S A GERMAN, 'VE HEARD NOTHING ABOUT YOUR GREAT MAGAZINE. FEEL THIS IS HARMING THE COMMUN BE INVOLVED IN THE PROJECT, HELPING THE IDEA. F THE MOST OF THE EOPLE PREFER THAT IDEA, THE COLLECTED MONEY WILL BE TRANSFERRED TO THIS PROJECT. HANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THIS INTERVIEW AND WISH YOU MANY SUCCESS FOR YOUR MAGAZINE IN THE FUTURE. INDHE DATABASE WITH THE NEW INFO. LSO THE COMMUNITY WORLDWIDE DEVELOPS MORE NEW AND INTERESTING HARDWARE. HESE ITEMS ARE ALSO LISTED IN THE DATABASE WE NEED MORE INFORMATION FOR THEM. OR EXAMPLE 'D LIKE TO NAME THE 500-LOCKPORT-CARD FOR EXAMPLEU NTERVIEW WITH ETER ELINGER COTRACE CREATOR HTTP://POTRACE.SOURCEFORGE.NET - CAN YOU PLEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO OUR READER Y NAME IS ETER ELINGER. AM A PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS AT ALHOUSIE NIVERSITY IN ALIFAX, ANADA.NCE. HE MIGA IS, FOR THOSE PEOPLE, WHO ARE IN MY GENERATION, A MACHINE WHICH CAME OUT AT THE RIGHT TIME IN THE RIGHT PLACE. - WHEN WILL THE PROJECT FINISH, WILL THIS PROJECT RUN INDEFINITELY, AND HOW WILL YOU KNOW WHEN ALL HARDWARE IS DOCUMENTED  IC AND ASSEMBLER. T WAS THE FIRST AND ONLY OMMODORE MACHINE EVER USED. - AN YOU TELL OUR READER ABOUT OTRACE, WHAT IT DOES AND HOW IT DIFFERS FROM SIMILAR APPLICATIONS? OTRACE IS A UTILITY FOR RASTER-TO-VECTOR CONVERSION. HIS MEANS, IT INPUTSAM BE A DREAM. ODAY, IS ANOTHER TIME AND THE TECHNICAL SIDE IS ANOTHER MATTER ALL TOGETHER TIME MOVES ON AND A MACHINE FROM HE EARLY 80'S WOULD NEED UPDATING, FOR THE TO HAVE A REAL CHANCE OF A COMEBACK. - HAT IN YOUR PERSONAL VIEW IS AN AMIG SOFTWARE WITH SIMILAR FUNCTIONALITY. OST OF IT IS COMMERCIAL. N MY OPINION, NONE OF IT GIVES OUTPUT AS NICE LOOKING AS OTRACE'S. - HAT MACHINES AND OPERATING SYSTEMS DOES THE APPLICATION RUN ON OTRACE WAS WRITTEN WITH PORTABILITY IN MIND, SO ITUNKNOWN HARDWARE TO COLLECT INFORMATION, UNTIL THE MYSTERY'S SOLVED BY THE COMMUNITY. N PAST, ALL OUR "YSTERIES" HAVE BEEN SOLVED BY SOME OF OUR READERS. - WHAT DO YOU THINK PERSONALLY OF THE CURRENT STATE OF MIGA, ARE THINGS FINALLY STARTING TO LO TION, DOCUMENTATION OR SPECIAL JUMPER SETTINGS, MANUALS, INSTALL INTRODUCTIONS OR DRIVER DISKS. ITHOUT THIS SUPPORT OF THE COMMUNITY, THE O, TODAY, WOULD NOT BE THE RESOURCE IT IS. - O ANYONE CAN SEND INFORMATION, IF OUR READER HINKS HE H UMBER OR ARE THERE THINGS LIKE INSTRUCTIONS AND NSTALLATION GUIDES ETC N PAST THE O PROVIDE THE HARDWARE SUPPORT WITH AS MUCH INFORMATION AS WAS POSSIBLE. UT SINCE WE'VE TOUCHED BY LEGAL REASONS WE'VE COME TOGETHER, TO COME CLOSER TO THE WILL OF ND YOU'RE PROBLEMS HAVE TREAD ON THIS PATH MYSELF - O YOU HAVE IMAGES OF THE BOXES THE ITEMS CAME ACKAGED IN, IS THIS SOMETHING YOU WOULD LIKE TO SEE FOR THE PROJECT T THE MOMENT, WE DON'T COLLECT IMAGES, OF BOXES OR PACKAGES. ICTURES OF OXES  O THE O. OR THIS REASON I MADE A RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GEMAN PUBLISHER "MIGA-UTURE" MIGA-UTURE IS A ERMAN OFTWARE PUBLISHER AND ALSO A ERMAN RELATED PRINT MAGAZINE, THE MAGAZINE HAS BEEN RUNNING FOR A LONG TIME. Y INTENTION IN THIS WAYO EAM IS ANNOYED ABOUT COPYRIGHT OWNERS, WHO ACTUALLY SUPPORT THE PLATFORM IN , BUT "ATTACK" THE O WITH LEGAL AND COPYRIGHT. HE O WAS AND IS STILL A HOBBY PROJECT AND WE DON'T HAVE PLENTY OF MONEY TO PAY LAWYERS TO DEFEND THE OMIGA EXPERIENCED USERS WORLDWIDE, BEFORE THEY BECOME AN OFFICIAL O-PDATE. HE ACTUAL O TEAM IS SUPPORTED BY SOME WELL KNOWN GERMAN HARDWARE DEVELOPERS WHO HAVE BEEN IN THE MARKET FOR MANY YEARS. ECAUSE OF THIS, THE O TEAM HAS A LOT OHEY WOULD NEED. HIS WILL INCLUDE AS STATED EARLIER DRIVER DISKS, INSTALLATION GUIDES AND MANUALS. NTIL JUST ONE YEAR AGO, YOU MAY REMEMBER, A LOT OF THOSE FILES WERE PROVIDED BY THE O, FOR DOWNLOAD, BUT OR LEGAL REASONS, THE DOWNLOAD AREA OF THE ON OF THE PROJECT OR IS IT JUST A WEB ONLY, WAS THE PROJECT INTENDED TO BE A COMMERCIALLY PRINTED BOOK AN HAPMAN ESTABLISHED THE OA S A -BASED PROJECT AT FIRST FOR MANY YEARS UNTIL THE EARLY 2006. HE O UNTIL THIS DATE IS AVAILABLE AS PART OF THE CONTRIBUTORS COULD BE FORGOTTEN. - O THERE IMAGES OF THE PRODUCTS AS WELL AS TEXT E LIKE TO RECEIVE AS MUCH INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE FOR EACH ITEM OF HARDWARE. E TRY TO COLLECT ALL INFORMATION ABOUT MIGA HARDWARE. HIS COULD BE: MAGES, HA CONNECTION" -FEATURE. LSO THE MULTILINGUAL O BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE OF THAT. T THE OMENT, THE O IS AVAILABLE IN ENGLISH AND GERMAN LANGUAGE. ECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITIES WE TRY TO PROVIDE THE O IN OTHER LANGUAGES, TOO. F SOMEONE WOULD AS SOME VALUE TO ADD TO THE PROJECT HOW OULD HE CONTRIBUTE? VERYONE IS WELCOME TO SEND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE O. EHIND THE O THERE IS A SMALL TEAM OF PEOPLE, WHO WILL TRY TO VERIFY THE CONTRIBUTIONS AND DO THE UPDATES ON THE VARIOUS ITEMS OF HA THE RIGHT OWNERS. E DON'T WANT THE O GETTING IN DANGER AND HAVING TO BE CLOSED BECAUSE OF LEGAL REASONS. HILE AN HAPMAN OWNS THE OA, THE ENGLISH LAW WAS CONSIDERABLY. FTER AN HAS GIVEN THE OH INTO MY HANDS, ERMAN LAW WILL TAKE AFFECT TONLY HAVE AN INDIVIDUAL BACKGROUND AND DO NOT REALLY AFFECT THE ARDWARE INFORMATION AND HARDWARE USE.. HE O WON'T BE A MUSEUM. T WILL BE A GUIDE FOR THOSE USERS, WHO USE THE 'S DAY BY DAY. - HAT IS DOCUMENTED, IS IT JUST MAKE MODEL SERIAL WAS, THAT A PROFESSIONAL PUBLISHER WITH HIS NOWLEDGE COULD HELP WITH THE RUNNING OF THE O. - OW ARE THE ENTRIES VERIFIED DOES SOMEONE LOOK OVER THEM BEFORE THEY ARE PLACED ON THE WEBSITE UGGESTIONS AS THEY ARRIVE WILL BE VERIFIED BY A LOT OF  AGAINST LEGAL ISSUES. HE SERS OF THE O HAVE NO IDEA, HOW COMPLICATED THE BACKGROUND OF THE O IS.HERE ARE A LOT OF COMPLICATIONS WE HAVE TO CONSIDER. HESE THINGS WE TRY TO KEEP AWAY FROM OUR USERS. OMMODORE REE - OPYRIGHT YES UNDERSTAF KNOWLEDGE, BUT CANNOT KNOW ALL THINGS. O ENSURE THAT O HAS CORRECT ENTRIES. EOPLE ARE WELCOME TO AMEND INFORMATION, O THE O NEVER WILL BE COMPLETE AND EVERYBODY WAS PLEASED, TO HANGE INCORRECT INFORMATION. - S THERE A DOWNLOADABLE VERSIO HAD TO BE CLOSED. N THE LAST YEAR SOME COPYRIGHT OWNERS "ATTACKED" THE O AND FORCED THEM TO CLOSE THE DOWNLOAD AREA. OWEVER WE CONTINUE TO COLLECT ALL RELATED SUGGESTIONS. UT WE CAN'T NAME A DATE, WHEN DOWNLOAD AREA BECOMES LIVE AGAIN. HE  OF THE "KICKTART RCHIVES ON " N 2006 THE O HAS CHANGED IT'S STRUCTURE FROM A BASED TO A DATABASE PROVIDED SITE, WHICH WILL PROVIDE THE O WITH A LOT OF MORE FEATURES. CTUALLY THIS WAY PROVIDES THE "ORT BY ANUFACTURER" OR THE "ORT BYRDWARE DESCRIPTIONS, UMPER SETTINGS, INSTALL DISKS AND MUCH MORE. - AS IT THE PROJECTS INTENTION TO PROVIDE THINGS LIKE DRIVER DISKS AND INSTALLATION SOFTWARE HE MAIN INTENTION OF THE O IS, TO PROVIDE THE OMMUNITY WITH ALL INFORMATION TLIKE US TO PROVIDE THE INFORMATION IN ANOTHER LANGUAGE PLEASE CONTACT US, YOUR MAIL IS WELCOME EVERY TIME. - AVE YOU COME ACROSS ANY PROBLEMS WHILE COMPILING THE LIST ERY OFTEN WE GET MAILS WITH NEW/ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. O KEEP THEM ALL UP TO DARDWARE. E TRY TO GIVE A RESPONSE TO EACH CONTRIBUTOR - IF HIS SUGGESTION BECOMES PART OF OUR DATABASE. UT DON'T BE ANGRY, WHEN YOU DON'T RECEIVE A REPLY. AINTAINING THE O IS A LOT OF WORK AND TIME, MORE TIME THAN YOU CAN IMAGINE, AND SOMETIMES ONE YOU WANT TO TUCK SOMETHING IN BETWEEN TWO EXISTING LINES, YOU CAN -- JUST LIKE YOU JUST DID. VARIABLE IS A "BOX" THAT CONTAINS SOMETHING. ACH VARIABLE HAS A NAME, COMPRISED OF ONE OR TWO LETTERS OR A LETTER AND A NUMBER. ONGER VARIABLE NA YRE SHOP. INCE THE AGE OF ABOUT 10 OR 12 YEARS OLD, I HAVE USED OMMODORE COMPUTERS AND HAVE LEARNED TO LOVE THEM. - HAT WAS YOUR FIRST EXPERIENCE WITH OMPUTING AND ESPECIALLY THE OMMODORE RAND? Y FIRST EXPERIENCE WITH COMPUTERS WAS IN THE ID U HAVE SURELY SEEN SOME ERRORS BY NOW. WO THINGS ABOUT ERRORS: 1. HE PROGRAM STOPS SHORT AT ANY ERROR, AND 2. HE -64 ALWAYS SAYS . AFTER AN ERROR. IST THE LINE AND TRY TO FIGURE OUT WHAT IS WRONG. MEANS THAT SOMETHING YOU TYPED IS INCOM )-WINDOW 4 CORNERS AND NOT SIX, EIGHT OR EVEN MORE?" "HY ARE THEY RECTANGLE AND NOT ROUND?" "HY MUST USE A MACHINE IN A CERTAIN WAY," "HY CAN'T USE THE MACHINE IN A WAY, WHICH ? - HAT OMMODORE MACHINES DO YOU OWN AND WHICH OF THESE ARE STI  RY ALL SORTS FO THINGS. OU CAN PRINT STRINGS AND NUMERICS TOGETHER ON THE SAME LINE: 100 1$ + ", " + 2$; 1 + 2, 3 SE A SEMICOLON TO SEPARATE STUFF YOU PRINT. SE A COMMA TO TAB ITEMS TO COLUMNS. RY THIS: 90 = 1 + 2 * 3 95 ? ; VERY INTERESTED AND KEEN TO LEARN, ALL ABOUT HOW THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY WORKED. OW, IN THE 21ST CENTURY, NO OTHER COMPUTER HAS REACHED THE SO CALLED " FEELING. - LEASE TELL OUR READER ABOUT THE IG OOK OF MIGA ARDWARE PROJECT, WHAT IS ITS MAIN E NUMBER AFTER THE COMMAND: 100 THER LIST POSSIBILITIES INCLUDE: -100 LIST EVERYTHING UP TO LINE 100 100-LIST LINE 100 AND EVERYTHING AFTER 30-50 LIST ALL LINE FROM 30 TO 50 S A LIST IS SCROLLING, YOU CAN SLOW IT DOWN BY ERMAN MIRROR FOR THE O AND I WAS THE FIRST ONE TO MIRROR THE WEBSITE, DDITIONALLY TO AN'S MAIN O ESTABLISHED A MIRROR AND PROVIDE THIS "STEP BY STEP" GUIDE WITH AN ADDITIONAL PART IN THE ERMAN LANGUAGE HE MAIN AIM OF THE O IS, TO SUPPOR  DOESN'T. TRING VARIABLES CANNOT BE PART OF A MATH FORMULA -- BUT A PLUS SIGN WILL STRING TWO OR MORE STRINGS TOGETHER. NUMERIC VARIABLE CANNOT BE STRUNG ONTO A STRING -- BUT THEY CAN BE PART OF A MATH FORMULA. HE -64 HAS THE GREATEST PROGRAMMING EDS OF SERS HAVE CONTRIBUTED THE O WITH DIFFERENT KINDS OF INFORMATION ABOUT RELATED HARDWARE. O MANY PEOPLE HAVE SUPPORTED THE O, THAT IT'S IMPOSSIBLE TO NAME THEM ALL HERE. OME PEOPLE HAVE SENT US MAGES. THERS SENT US FURTHER INFORMA MES ARE (UNLESS THEY CONTAIN A COMMAND WORD), BUT THE COMPUTER WILL NOT "SEE" MORE THAN THE FIRST TWO CHARACTERS. ET'S WIPE OUT YOUR FIRST PROGRAM. YPE: AND T'S GONE. OW YPE: 10 1$ = "" 20 2$ = "" 30 1 = 5 40 2 U NTERVIEW WITH ARIO ISIC HE BIG BOOK OF MIGA ARDWARE HTTP://AMIGAHARDWARE.MARIOMISIC.DE/IND EXE.HTML - LEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO OUR READERS EAR READERS, 'M A 39 YEARS OLD AND WORK AS THE ANAGING DIRECTOR AT A PREHENSIBLE TO THE STUPID MACHINE. IX IT! HEN TRY AGAIN. [HIS IS JUST THE BEGINNING! O TAKE TIME TO PLAY WITH ALL THE CONCEPTS PRESENTED. NLY WITH PLAY WILL YOU LEARN HOW TO APPLY THE COMMANDS TO YOUR PROGRAM. ...END... F THE VALUE IS 0, THE P DLE OF THE 80'S AND THE FIRST COMPUTER PLAYED AROUND WITH WAS A 20 LATER USED A OMMODORE 64, BEFORE EVENTUALLY USING THE MIGA. NLIKE MOST PEOPLE, DON'T PLAY GAMES ON THESE MACHINES. ROM THE START, I ASKED MYSELF: "WHY HAS THE MIGA (WORKBENCH  AND RUN THE PROGRAM. R DO THIS: 80 1$ = 1$ + 1$ 85 2$ = 2$ + 1$ RY EVERY COMBINATION OF VARIABLES AND PRINT YOU CAN THINK OF. T IS PROGRAM. ND THERE IS NOTHING YOU CAN DO FROM THE KEYBOARD THAT WILL HURT A 64! ! O LL ACTIVELY USED BY YOURSELF ITHIN MY OMMODORE-TIME, FIRST USED THE 20, THEN LATER THE 64, HEN MOVING TO A 128 BEFORE CAME TO THE . LL MACHINES HAVE FASCINATED ME FOR A LONG TIME. LEARNED ABOUT AN ABSOLUTELY NEW TECHNOLOGY AND WAS PRESSING THE <> KEY (<> FOR ), OR STOP IT BY PRESSING <> (<> FOR ) . IST LINE 100: 100 1$ + 2$ AND CHANGE IT TO 100 1$ + ", " + 2$ RESS <> THEN THE PROGRAM. LAY AROUND WITH THIS PROGRAM FOR A WHILE! AIM HE IG OOK OF MIGA ARDWARE (O) WAS CREATED BY AN HAPMAN OVER 8 EARS AGO. VER THE YEARS, AN TRIED TO FIND SOME SERS, TO HOST A MIRROR OF THE O. UT NO ONE HAD THE POWER TO KEEP A MIRROR RUNNING FOR LONG. FEW YEARS AGO SET UP A INTERFACE EVER PUT ON AN 8-BIT COMPUTER. F YOU WANT TO CHANGE A PROGRAM LINE, ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS PUT THE LINE ON THE SCREEN (WITH ), MOVE YOUR CURSOR UP TO IT, TYPE YOUR CHANGES ONTO THE LINE, AND PRESS <>. O LIST ONE LINE, INCLUDE THE LIN T ALL INTERESTED PEOPLE WITH INFORMATION ABOUT EVERY PIECE OF HARDWARE CREATED FOR COMPUTERS. ITHOUT BECOMING ACOMMERCIAL PROJECT. - OW MANY PEOPLE CONTRIBUTE TO THE PROJECT WILL YOU ACCEPT INFORMATION FROM ANYONE VER THE LAST 9 YEARS, HUNDR  = 7 50 3 = 10 100 ? 1$ + 2$ 110 ? 1 + 2 * 3 120 E HAVE TWO TYPES OF DATA -- STRING AND NUMERIC. O WE HAVE TWO TYPES OF VARIABLES -- STRING AND NUMERIC. STRING VARIABLE HAS A DOLLAR SIGN AFTER THE ONE OR TWO CHARACTERS. NUMERIC VARIABLE DS ALL THE CODE TO MAKE WOIS "BANKED" ON TOP OF . Y "FLIPPING" CERTAIN BITS IN THE COMPUTER, AN PROGRAMMER CAN SET ASIDE AND USE THE "UNDERNEATH. " S MENTIONED BEFORE, EVEN THOUGH 2.0 IS POWERFUL, PROGRAMMERS HAVE CREAT IN ACCOMPLISHING EFFECTS ARE THE SAME AS WITH A BIG COMPUTER. HE DAY MAY COME WHEN YOU WILL WANT TO TACKLE , ++, #, AVA, AVA CRIPT, ERL, OR ISUAL ASIC ON A . CONCEPTUAL AND LOGICAL LEARNED ON THE -64 WILL APPLY TO ANY OTHER COMP D AND PLAYED BY THE COMPUTER. O WHILE THE -64 HAS CERTAIN LIMITS, IT IS CRAFTED IN SUCH A WAY THAT TRULY CAPABLE PROGRAMMERS CAN ACCOMPLISH MOST ANYTHING COMPUTATIONAL. HAVE SEEN REAL-TIME THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAYS (LIKE , ONLY VERY LOW RESOLUT ORE THING! 2.0 HEN YOU TURN ON THE -64 (OR LAUNCH ), THE SCREEN DISPLAYS SOME TITLE INFORMATION, THEN PRESENTS THE WORD . ? EADY FOR WHAT? EADY FOR ANYTHING YOU WANT TO DO! YPE: "" AND PRESS <>. ( E WITHOUT DISRUPTING THE SCREEN. HE WHOLE SCREEN CAN BE NUDGED, PIXEL BY PIXEL, IN ANY DIRECTION, ENABLING SMOOTH SCROLLING EFFECTS -- ESPECIALLY WHEN COMBINED WITH SPLIT SCREEN CAPABILITIES. OUND IS LIMITED TO THREE SYNTHESIZED VOICES. HE SYNTHESIZE <> WHICH TELLS THE -64 TO GO AHEAD AND DO IT. ) 75 HE QUESTION MARK IS SHORT FOR . N THE FIRST EXAMPLE, YOU PRINTED A , A GROUP OF CHARACTERS IN ORDER. OU MARKED OFF THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE STRING WITH DOUBLE-QUOTES. N THE S RE ALL 8 X 8 PIXELS IN SIZE, AND CAN DISPLAY THE CHARACTER "CELL" COLOR OR THE BACKGROUND COLOR. N MULTI-COLOR TEXT MODE, DOUBLE-WIDE PIXELS CAN PRESENT THE CHARACTER COLOR OR ONE OF THREE "UNIVERSAL" COLORS. HE FONT INCLUDES 256 CHARACTERS, BUT THE PR PONDED TO YOUR COMMANDS WHEN THE <> WAS PRESSED. OW YPE: 10 ? "" 20 ? 5 + 7 * 10 (PRESSING <> AT THE END OF EACH LINE) . OTHING HAPPENED -- AT LEAST NOT OBVIOUSLY. UT INSIDE THE -64 A LOT HAS TAKEN PLACE. YPE: AND TH (MILLIONS OF CYCLES PER SECOND) -- WHICH IS SLOW COMPARED TO THE 8+ IGAHERTZ (BILLIONS OF CYCLES PER SECOND) ENTIUMS NOW ON THE MARKET. OWEVER, 1HZ IS STILL 1,000,000 CLOCK CYCLES PER SECOND (NOT SLOW, REALLY) AND 6510 INSTRUCTIONS ARE QUITE EFFIC A COMMAND COMES FIRST, THE LINE IS IN MMEDIATE ODE AND PROCESSED IMMEDIATELY. O RUN YOUR PROGRAM, YPE: ONDERFUL! OU HAVE WRITTEN YOUR FIRST PROGRAM! HE NUMBER YOU USE AT THE BEGINNING OF A ROGRAM LINE DETERMINES WHERE THAT LINE OCCURS IN ED A NUMBER OF EXTENSIONS AND MODULES TO ADD FEATURES FOR PROGRAMMERS. N 2004, FEATURED OT WHICH ADDS 72 COMMANDS TO 2.0 -- INCLUDING FULL MOUSE CONTROL AND VENT RIVEN PROGRAMMING. THER MODULES PLAY MUSIC AND SOUN UTER OR LANGUAGE. HE -64 IS WHERE ONE STARTS -- AS DID THOUSANDS OF TODAY'S PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE DESIGNERS. ND HUNDREDS OF HOBBYIST PROGRAMMERS STILL FIND ENOUGH CHALLENGE TO SIT UP ALL HOURS OF THE NIGHT HUNCHING OVER THEIR -64S, FIXING JUST ONE M ION), THE ION ROAR, AND HUNDREDS OF OTHER TRULY AMAZING SOUND AND VIDEO EFFECTS. UT MOST IMPORTANT, ANYTHING ONE CAN DO ON ANY COMPUTER CAN BE AT LEAST ON THE -64. HE MODEL MAY BE ROUGH, BUT THE CONCEPTS, SKILLS, AND PERSONAL SATISFACTION N , THE DOUBLE-QUOTES ARE , AND <> IS THE <> KEY. ) HE COMPUTER IMMEDIATELY COMPLIES -- PRINTING TO THE SCREEN: YPE: ? 5 + 7 * 10 (: THE PLUS IS THE <=> KEY, THE ASTERISK IS THE <]> KEY.) (EMEMBER TO PRESS THE R HAS ONLY TTACK, ECAY, USTAIN, AND ELEASE ENVELOPE PARAMETERS, BUT DOES INCLUDE VARIOUS FILTERS AND RESONANCE SETTINGS. AVEFORMS INCLUDE NOISE, SAWTOOTH, TRIANGLE, AND ADJUSTABLE PULSE. ND, WITH SOME CLEVERNESS, 4-BIT RECORDED SOUND CAN BE RECORDE ECOND EXAMPLE, YOU PRINTED NUMERIC VALUES, MULTIPLIED AND ADDED ACCORDING TO MATHEMATIC RULES (MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE ARE PERFORMED FIRST, FOLLOWED BY ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION). OTH OF THESE EXAMPLES ARE EXAMPLES OF MMEDIATE ODE. HE -64 IMMEDIATELY RES OGRAMMER IS NOT LIMITED TO THE TWO BUILT-IN FONTS. ITH A FONT EDITOR, ONE CAN DESIGN CHARACTERS AS ANY 8 X 8 COMBINATION OF PIXELS. OREOVER, THE PROGRAMMER HAS EIGHT 24 X 21 PIXEL SPRITES -- MOVABLE OBJECTS -- THAT CAN BE DESIGNED AND DISPLAYED ANYWHER E LINES APPEAR AGAIN. OU HAVE WRITTEN THESE LINES IN ROGRAM ODE. HE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MMEDIATE ODE AND ROGRAM ODE IS VERY SIMPLE - F A COMES FIRST IN THE LINE, THE LINE IS PUT IN ROGRAM EMORY. OU CAN LOOK AT THE PROGRAM WITH . F IENT COMPARED TO ENTIUM INSTRUCTIONS. HE SCREEN IS COMPRISED OF 60,000 PIXELS -- 320 X 200. N MULTI-COLOR MODE, TWO BITS DETERMINE WHICH OF FOUR COLORS WILL BE DISPLAYED AS DOUBLE-WIDE PIXELS (160 X 200). HE RESULT IS A BIT GRAINY. EXT CHARACTERS A THE PROGRAM. YPE: 15 ? "" AND 10 "" 15 "" 20 5 + 7 * 10 INCE EVERY PROGRAM LINE MUST HAVE A NUMBER AND WILL BE ORDERED BY ITS NUMBER, IT IS A GOOD IDEA TO USE 10'S AS YOU START WRITING YOUR PROGRAM. HEN, IF D EFFECTS IN THE BACKGROUND, ENABLE EASY ACCESS TO BITMAP GRAPHICS, AND EVEN LET ORDINARY PROGRAMMERS OPERATE SPRITES (MOVABLE SCREEN OBJECTS) AND DO SPLIT SCREEN EFFECTS. HE 6510 MICROPROCESSOR IN THE -64 OPERATES AT 1 MEGAHERTZ PROGRAM'S NEXT TURN, THE NEXT STATEMENT WOULD BE INTERPRETED AND EXECUTED. HE GREAT THING ABOUT AN INTERPRETED LANGUAGE LIKE IS THAT THE PROGRAM RUNS UNTIL AN ERROR OCCURS. HEN IT STOPS AND DELIVERS AN ERROR MESSAGE. HE PROGRAMMER CAN VED PERFECT FOR ADDING A MOUSE. LL IN ALL, A -64 WAS A FANTASTIC MACHINE IN 1982 WHEN IT WAS UNVEILED AT THE ANUARY ONSUMER LECTRONICS HOW IN AS EGAS. TS CAPABILITIES -- ESPECIALLY AS A "GAME MACHINE," AND ITS INCREDIBLE PRICE THAT DROPPED TO LE T WILL CONTROL THESE FEATURES. N THE UP SIDE, THE -64 WAS DESIGNED TO BE MODIFIED WITH CODE. HOUGH 2.0 WAS IN EAD NLY EMORY () AND COULD NOT BE CHANGED, CERTAIN CRITICAL JUMP LOCATIONS WERE IN ANDOM CCESS EMORY ( -- WHICH CAN BE ) . N THE LATE 1990'S, PROGRAMMERS WHO LOVED THE -64 BEGAN WRITING EMULATORS TO ALLOW A TO RUN -64 PROGRAMS. HE BEST OF THESE, THE ERSATILE OMMODORE MULATOR, CONTINUED TO BE IMPROVED UNTIL IT BRINGS AN ALMOST PERFECT -64 TO THE WORLD OF I  -- THE -- THEY TURNED TO ICROSOFT FOR . OMMODORE ACK RAMIEL BOUGHT 2.0 OUTRIGHT FOR $10,000 FROM CASH-STRAPPED ICROSOFT. O, IN THE FALL OF 1981 WHEN OMMODORE DESIGNED THE -64, THEY ALREADY OWNED THE 2.0 OPERATING SYSTEM 0,000 UNITES WERE SOLD BETWEEN HANKSGIVING AND HRISTMAS. HANKS TO THE DESIGNER -- ERI LLSWORTH -- THE COMPUTER INSIDE THE JOYSTICK IS A REAL, HONEST-TO-GOODNESS -64. ITH NINE WIRES SOLDERED TO THE CREDIT-CARD SIZED BOARD, A USER CAN CONNECT A 2  BUT WAS RATHER EXPENSIVE AT THE TIME) . ATES AND HIS NEWLY FOUNDED COMPANY -- ICROOFT -- WENT ON TO WRITE FOR NEARLY EVERY HOME COMPUTER. 2 USED ABOUT 16 OF MEMORY, BUT WAS REMARKABLY POWERFUL. OST ANYTHING A PROGRAMMER WANTED TO DO CO OMPUTER HAS THREE ESSENTIAL PARTS 1. PROCESSOR WHICH EXECUTES INSTRUCTIONS AND DOES MATH AND LOGIC OPERATIONS. 2. NPUT/UTPUT CAPABILITIES -- FOR KEYBOARD, MOUSE, JOYSTICK, PRINTERS, AND DISK DRIVES. 3. EMORY -- "ITTY-BITTY BOXES" CALLED BYTES WH HESE HOME COMPUTERS NEEDED AN "OPERATING SYSTEM" -- A SIMPLE WAY FOR USERS TO INTERACT WITH THE MACHINE. ILL ATES WROTE LTAIR USING A MAINFRAME COMPUTER WITH AN EMULATOR THAT MADE IT ACT LIKE THE NTEL 8008 MICROPROCESSOR USED BY THE LTAIR. IS UTERS (SUCH AS THE -64) HAD PROCESSORS THAT COULD HANDLE ONLY ONE BYTE AT A TIME. BYTE IS COMPOSED OF EIGHT BITS -- LITTLE SWITCHES WHICH ARE ON OR OFF, 1 OR 0 -- HENCE THESE ARE CALLED "8-BIT COMPUTERS." TWO-BYTE VALUE IS USED TO POINT TO A PARTICU FIX THE ERROR AND RERUN THE PROGRAM. HIS MADE VERY INTERACTIVE. HE PROGRAMMER DID NOT HAVE TO GET EVERYTHING RIGHT BEFORE SEEING HOW AT LEAST OF THE PROGRAM PERFORMED. N ECEMBER OF 1974, THE ANUARY ISSUE OF OPULAR LECTRONICS PUBLISHED N SS THAN $200 IN 1994, KEPT IT IN PRODUCTION THROUGH 1992. VER ITS DECADE OF MANUFACTURE, SOME 27 MILLION UNITS WERE SOLD, MAKING THE -64 THE "EST ELLING OMPUTER OF THE 20TH ENTURY," ACCORDING TO THE REVERED UINNESS OOK OF ORLD ECORDS (2000 2001 ALTERED). Y CHANGING THE JUMP ADDRESSES, A PROGRAMMER COULD ADD NEW COMMANDS TO AND PERFORM ALL SORTS OF MIRACLES THE DESIGNERS NEVER DREAMED OF. HE DESIGNERS DID INCLUDE "PADDLE CONTROLS" FOR THEN-POPULAR GAMES LIKE REAK UT. HESE CONTROLS PRO NDOWS. ITH , ALL THE GREAT GAMES PUBLISHED OVER THE YEARS ON ARE NOW AT YOUR FINGER TIPS. ND TO TOP OF A REMARKABLE (IF OFTEN IGNORED) HISTORY, A -64 IRECT-TO- GAME JOYSTICK WAS MARKED IN 2004 THROUGH , THE SHOPPING CHANNEL. VER 20 . HE -64 HAS COLOR VIDEO AND OTHER FEATURES FOR WHICH 2.0 HAD NO COMMANDS. UT THAT WAS . AME DESIGNERS WOULD CERTAINLY USE FAST FOR THEIR CODE. ND 2.0 HAS COMMANDS WHICH CAN DIRECTLY READ OR WRITE INFORMATION TO PLACES IN MEMORY THA  KEYBOARD, OMMODORE DISK DRIVE, AND AN EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY.HE OMMODORE 64 - MORE THAN ANY OTHER FIRST-GENERATION, 8-BIT COMPUTER -- HAS PROVED ITSELF AS COMPUTER FOR GAMESTERS AND HOBBYIST PROGRAMMERS ALL OVER THE WORLD. THE -64 VERY C ULD BE DONE IN . RUE -- IT WAS SLOWER THAN STRAIGHT . UT IS WAS EASY TO LEARN, FASTER TO WRITE, AND MORE-OR-LESS PORTABLE BETWEEN DIFFERENT MAKES OF COMPUTERS. HEN IN 1978 OMMODORE USINESS ACHINES PRODUCED THE ERSONAL LECTRONIC RANSACTOR ICH CAN EACH HOLD A VALUE OF 0 THROUGH 255. ODAY'S COMPUTERS CAN HANDLE UP TO 8 BYTES AT A TIME, MAKING THEM INCREDIBLY FAST. UCH SPEED IS NECESSARY FOR PROCESSING SOUND RECORDING, PHOTO-QUALITY IMAGES, AND REAL-TIME VIDEOS. HE FIRST GENERATION COMP  INCLUDED CODE TO READ THE KEYSTROKES AND PUT THE PROGRAM INTO MEMORY. THER CODE WOULD READ COMMANDS AND JUMP TO ROUTINES THAT PERFORMED THEM. HE WHOLE THING FIT IN JUST 4 KILOBYTES OF MEMORY (WHICH DOESN'T SEEM LIKE MUCH TODAY, LAR BYTE IN MEMORY, WHICH MEANS THAT AN 8-BIT COMPUTER IS LIMITED TO 256 X 256 OR 65536 BYTES OF MEMORY. NE KILOBYTE IS ACTUALLY 1024 BYTES, SO 65536/1024 EQUALS 64. HUS THE NAME OMMODORE 64. UT THE -64 HAS MORE THAN 64 OF MEMORY. HE WHICH HOL EWS ABOUT THE FIRST HOME COMPUTER -- THE LTAIR 8800. WO ARVARD STUDENTS, AUL LLEN AND ILL ATES SAW THE MAGAZINE -- AND THEIR FUTURE. HEY DROPPED OUT OF COLLEGE AND RUSHED TO LBUQUERQUE, , WHERE THE LTAIR WAS BEING BUILT. HEY REALIZED THAT T (THE VERTICAL SINE TABLE, SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT TO THE HORIZONTAL ONE) AND WRITING THE VALUES TO $001, $003 AND SO FORTH FOR THE VERTICAL SPRITE POSITIONS. HE #$1 IS DIFFERENT TO THE PREVIOUS LOOP MERELY TO MAKE THE CURVES A BIT MORE INTERESTING. T "WORDS" TO REMIND US ABOUT WHAT IS GOING ON. HE PROGRAMMER WRITES THESE "WORDS" AND THE COMPUTER USES A PROGRAM TO THAT CODE INTO -- WHICH IS WHAT THE COMPUTER ACTUALLY UNDERSTANDS. HE CODE THE PROGRAMMER WRITES IS CALLED , OR MORE CO ROUTINES ABOVE (THEY'RE THE SAME AS EX ILES 4) CAN BE DOWNLOADED HERE WWW.LDSCHOOL-AMING.COM/FILES/C64/HEX FILES/PART6FILES.ZIP ASON ELK -PRINTED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER WWW.LDSCHOOL-AMING.COM ...END... ://WWW.PROTO QUITE FRUSTRATING. OWEVER, THE COMPUTER CAN BE PROGRAMMED TO READ WORDS, NUMBERS, AND OTHER CHARACTERS AND TRANSLATE THEM INTO COMPLEX GROUPS OF INSTRUCTIONS. UCH ALANGUAGE IS CALLED OMPILED. HE PROGRAM THAT TRANSLATES OMPILER ODE INTO ODE ND $1) AND THE MOVER ($03 AND $02) CAN BE ALTERED. HY NOT TRY PUTTING DIFFERENT VALUES IN AND SEEING WHAT HAPPENS TO THE SPRITES. OME INTERESTING ONES TO TRY ARE REPLACING $20 WITH $82, WHICH CAUSES EACH SPRITE IN TURN TO READ ITS POSITION FROM OPPOS OMPILES, DEBUGS, RECOMPILES, EXECUTES, REWRITES, RECOMPILES, ETC, ETC. HIS IS AN ARDUOUS TASK, TO SAY THE LEAST. T WAS EVEN MORE FRUSTRATING BACK IN THE 1960'S WHEN THE PROGRAMMER HAD TO PUNCH CARDS WITH EACH LINE OF THE PROGRAM AND TAKE THE "BATCH" TO HE .SCRL COMMAND SIMPLY WRITES THE TEXT IN QUOTES TO THE MEMORY (AT $2000, AS SPECIFIED BY THE * COMMAND ABOVE) IN A FORMAT OUR ROUTINE CAN USE, THE LETTER IS REPRESENTED AS $01, IS $02 AND SO ON. HE TEXT INCLUDED IN THE SOURCE (OF WHICH ONLY A PART TO THE COMPUTER SO THE PROGRAMMER DID NOT HAVE TO WAIT. UT THE COMPUTER THEN DID A LOT OF WAITING FOR THE PROGRAMMER'S INPUT. HE CONCEPT OF TIME-SHARING WAS DEVELOPED, WHERE THE COMPUTER COULD SWITCH BETWEEN MANY DIFFERENT TERMINALS, RUNNING DIFFERENT  WE ARE USING AN EXTERNAL MUSIC ROUTINE. VERY FRAME WE HAVE TO CALL THE ROUTINE TO KEEP THE MUSIC PLAYING AND HERE'S THE CALL FOR THE TUNE WE'RE USING. ND THE COMPLETES OUR LOOP, AS WE GO BACK TO MAIN AND WAIT FOR RASTER POSITION $ ON THE NEX MOUTH OLLEGE, BY MATHEMATICIANS OHN EORGE EMENY AND OM URTZAS. HE COMMANDS AND MATH THE PROGRAMMER TYPED LOOKED ENOUGH LIKE NGLISH, MAKING READING THE CODE RELATIVELY EASY. UT THE BIG ADVANTAGE OF WAS THAT IT WAS -- AND IS -- AN NTERPRET  CAN QUITE HAPPILY BE $20 OR INDEED ANY OTHER VALUE, SO WHY NOT TRY PLAYING WITH IT AND ITS FELLOW TO SEE WHAT YOU CAN DO? LDA SINEPOSX SEC SBC #$03 STA SINEPOSX LDA SINEPOSY SEC SBC #$02 STA SINEPOSY KAY, THIS JUST MOVES THE COUNTERS AROUND FOR THE S AGE. THE COMPUTER DOES IS REALLY DONE BY MEANS OF . IS NOTHING BUT NUMBERS, THAT IS, NUMERIC VALUES. EMEMBERING SUCH VALUES AND THE TASKS THEY PERFORM CAN BE EXTREMELY DIFFICULT FOR HUMANS. E NEED AT LEAST SOME EASILY RECOGNIZABLE CODE RRECTLY, SSEMBLY OURCE ODE. UT A COMPUTER CAN BE SMARTER THAN THAT. SSEMBLY SOURCE CODE HAS A ONE-TO ONE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CODE THE COMPUTER UNDERSTANDS. ACH INSTRUCTION DOES ONE AND ONLY ONE VERY SMALL TASK. EEPING IT ALL STRAIGHT CAN BE IS CALLED A OMPILER. COMPILER COMPILES AN ENTIRE PROGRAM OR ROUTINE AT A TIME. F THE PROGRAMMER HAS MADE A MISTAKE THE COMPILER CANNOT UNDERSTAND, IT REPORTS ERRORS -- BUT ONLY AFTER CHUGGING THROUGH THE WHOLE SOURCE CODE. O THE PROGRAMMER WRITES, C ITE ENDS OF THE CURVE, OR REPLACING $03 AND $02 WITH $04 AND $05. O ON, HAVE A PLAY WITH THE NUMBERS AND 'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME WITH SOMETHING NEW TO LOOK AT! S ALWAYS, EMAIL ME IF YOU HAVE ANY QUERIES, COMMENTS OR SUGGESTIONS. HE SOURCE CODE FOR THE  THE COMPUTER ROOM. HE OPERATOR WOULD RUN THE BATCH AND RETURN A PAPER PRINT-OUT TO THE PROGRAMMER IN A FEW HOURS. R DAYS! T THAT TIME, COMPUTERS (BIG MAINFRAMES) WERE FINALLY BECOMING FAIRLY FAST AND POWERFUL. TERMINAL COULD BE DIRECTLY CONNECTED  IS REPRODUCED HERE) IS EXACTLY 256 BYTES LONG BECAUSE THE SCROLL ROUTINE CAN'T HANDLE ANY MORE OR INDEED LESS. IGHT, ALL DONE AND THIS TIME DON'T HAVE A CHALLENGE FOR YOU, JUST SOME "PLAY" SUGGESTIONS. HE VALUES IN THE TWO SPRITE SETUP LOOPS ($20 A PROGRAMS AT APPARENTLY THE SAME TIME. O TAKE ADVANTAGE OF TIME SHARING AND TO PROVIDE A LANGUAGE THAT WAS EASY FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN AND USE, (STANDING FOR EGINNER'S LL URPOSE YMBOLIC NSTRUCTION ODE) WAS WRITTEN (INVENTED) IN 1963, AT ART T FRAME. * = $2000 MESSAGE .SCRL "WELCOME TO THE SCROLLING MESSAGE! " .SCRL "THIS LITTLE DEMO-ETTE WAS CODED FOR " . ND TO FINISH OFF THIS BLOCK OF CODE, HERE'S THE PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED LABELMESSAGE AND ANOTHER NEW ASSEMBLER DIRECTIVE TO GO WITH IT. ED ANGUAGE. URING THE USER'S TINY SLICE OF PROCESSOR TIME, A SINGLE STATEMENT WOULD BE READ, TURNED INTO THE ODE NECESSARY TO EXECUTE THE COMMAND, AND PROCESSED. HEN THE PROCESSOR TURNED TO ANOTHER TERMINAL AND PROGRAM TO PROCESS. N THE PRITE MOVEMENT. GAIN, THE $03 AND $02 CAN BE ALTERED TO CHANGE HOW FAST THE SPRITES SWING AROUND, A VALUE OF $00 WILL CAUSE THEM TO STOP DEAD AND A VALUE OF $ WILL MAKE THEM GO BACKWARDS ON ONE AXIS SLOWLY. JSR $1003 JMP MAIN S EXPLAINED LAST ISSUE T IT WAS TO CHANGE THE TEXT COLOUR TO LIGHT BLUE AND THE SPRITE COLOUR TO DARK BLUE. HE TEXT COLOUR IS ALTERED BY CHANGING THE #$0 ON LINE 25 OF THE SOURCE TO #$0 OR INDEED ANY COLOUR YOU WANT. O CHANGE THE SPRITES LOOK AT LINE 62. T READS SWER WILL BE A 0, JUST LIKE THE FOURTH AND FIFTH COLUMNS. WORKS ON A SIMILAR PRINCIPLE, EXCEPT THAT THE FIRST NUMBER THE SECOND NUMBER MUST BE A 1 FOR THE OUTCOME TO BE A 1, OTHERWISE THE ANSWER IS 0. F ONLY ONE OF THE NUMBERS IS A 1 THEN THE A 6510 COMMANDS ARE THREE LETTERS LONG, SO WE ADD AN FOR ACCUMULATOR), AND . WORKS LIKE THIS: #$64 OR IN BINARY %01100100 #$7 OR IN BINARY %11000111 EAVES AS #$7 OR IN BINARY %11100111 HY? ELL, LOOK AT THE FIRST COLUMN OF B ANS. GAIN, IT COMPARES THE COLUMNS SEPARATELY, BUT IF THE SECOND NUMBER IS A 1 IT TAKES THE FIRST NUMBER AND TOGGLES IT, CHANGES IT FROM A 0 TO A 1 OR VICE VERSA. F THE CONTENT OF THE SECOND NUMBER IS A 0 NOTHING CHANGES, AND THE CONTENT OF THE FIRST P HAT THE MACHINE WILL WAIT ANOTHER EIGHT FRAMES BEFORE DOING IT AGAIN. KAY, NOW EARLIER WE BRANCHED TO DONTMOVE IF WE WERE NOT GOING TO MOVE THE SCROLL, SO LETS SEE WHERE THAT LEADS US. DONTMOVE TXA EOR #$07 STA $D016 KAY, THIS IS JUST A LITTLE BIT OF ING AND THE SMOOTH SCROLL, IT'S TIME FOR THE SPRITE POSITIONS. LDX #$00 LDY SINEPOSX SETSPRX LDA SINECURVE,Y STA $D000,X TYA CLC ADC #$20 TAY INX INX CPX #$10 BNE SETSPRX IGHT, THIS IS A FAIRLY NORMAL COPY LOOP (AS WE'VE DONE BEFORE) BUT WITH AN UNUS  $05E1,X STA $05E0,X INX CPX #$27 BNE SCRLMOVE LDX MESSCOUNT LDA SCROLLTEXT,X STA $0607 INX STX MESSCOUNT ELL, THIS SECTION HAS COVERED BEFORE TOO AND IT'S BASICALLY THE SAME SCROLL SHIFTING ROUTINE WE HAD MOVING SO QUICKLY PREVIOUSLY. HIS TIME, HOWEV F YOU WERE TO EXAMINE THE DATA YOU'D FIND THAT IT CONTAINS THE CO-ORDINATES FOR A SPRITE, STARTING FROM THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE AREA IT COVERS, ACCELERATING TOWARDS THE MIDDLE AND DECELERATING AT THE LEFT HAND SIDE OF THE AREA, THEN MOVING BACK IN THE  THE SCREEN BY THE RASTER, SO ONE FRAME IS A 50TH OF A SECOND. LDX SCRLCOUNT INX STX SCRLCOUNT CPX #$08 BNE DONTMOVE IGHT, WE'VE ALREADY DISCUSSED USING LABELS AS PLACES TO KEEP NUMBERS. SCRLCOUNT IS OUR SMOOTH SCROLL COUNTER, IT'S COUNTING HOW MANY F THEN, IF IT HASN'T REACHED $10 AND THEREFORE DONE ALL EIGHT SPRITES GOES BACK. HY DO WE ADD $20? ELL, IT'S TO MAKE ALL SIX SPRITES READ FROM DIFFERENT POINTS ON THE CURVE TO PRODUCE THAT SWIRLING EFFECT. RY CHANGING THAT VALUE TO $00 AND THEY ALL APP  #$0 AND TO MAKE THEM PURPLE USE #$04. LL SORTED NOW? OOD, LETS GET BACK TO DISSECTING THE REMAINING CODE, STARTING FROM LINE MAIN LDA #$FC RASHOLD CMP $D012BNE RASHOLD OW OUR FRIEND THE RASTER HAS BEEN INTRODUCED TO US A COUPLE OF INSTALLMEN NSWER IS A 0, MEANING THAT IF THE ABOVE IS REPLACED WITH AN THE BINARY ANSWER WILL BE %01000100. OW FOR OUR LITTLE FRIEND . HE RESULT OF OUR ABOVE EXAMPLE AFTER USING INSTEAD OF WOULD BE %10100011 BECAUSE WORKS BY A DIFFERENT ME INARY NUMBERS. HE FIRST TWO ARE A 0 IN THE TOP ROW AND A 1 IN THE SECOND AND THE "RULE" IS THAT IF EITHER THE FIRST THE SECOND NUMBER (OR INDEED BOTH) IS A 1 THE ANSWER, IN THE THIRD NUMBER IN THE COLUMN WILL ALSO BE 1. F BOTH NUMBERS ARE A 0 THE AN ASSES STRAIGHT THROUGH. O THE RESULT OF #$07 ON OUR COUNTER, WHICH RUNS FROM $00 TO $07 IS TO BASICALLY INVERT IT SO THAT IT GOES FROM $07 TO $00 AND WE CAN THEN PUT THIS INTO $016 FOR THE SMOOTH SCROLLING. KAY, SO NOW WE'VE SORTED OUT THE SCROLL  TRICKERY TO SET THE SMOOTH SCROLLING UP FOR OUR MESSAGE. WE HAVE ALREADY COVERED, BUT IS NEW. (OR XCLUSIVE ) IS WHAT IS KNOWN AS A LOGIC GATE. HERE ARE THREE REGULARLY USED GATES, (KNOWN AS JUST AN GATE, BUT CALLED BECAUSE ALL UAL TWIST. EFORE EXPLAIN HOW IT WORKS, 'LL JUST QUICKLY EXPLAIN SINE AND COSINE CURVES A BIT MORE, WHICH ARE USED WHEN DEMO PROGRAMMERS WANT TO MAKE THINGS SWING BACK AND FORTH. T $000 AND $000 ARE TWO TABLES OF DATA, EACH 256 ($100) BYTES LONG. ER, WE ARE READING FROM OUR OWN MESSAGE IN THE COMPUTERS MEMORY AT WHEREVER THE LABEL SCROLLTEXT IS. HAT GETS DEFINED LATER, DON'T WORRY. LDX #$00 STX SCRLCOUNT ECAUSE WE'VE JUST FINISHED A "MOVE" OF THE SCROLLER WE NOW HAVE TO RESET OUR COUNTER SO T SAME WAY. HE ABOVE LOOP READS THE CURVE AT $000 USING THE (WHICH CONTAINS ANOTHER COUNTER) AND PUTS IT INTO $000. T THEN ADDS A VALUE OF $20 TO THE , INCREMENTS TWICE (SO THAT IT ONLY WRITES TO THE SPRITE VALUES, $000, $002 AND SO ON) AND RAMES HAVE PASSED UP TO A MAXIMUM OF EIGHT TO DELAY OUR SCROLLER SINCE MOVING IT EVERY FRAME WOULD BE FAR TOO FAST TO READ. T'S ALSO USED TO WORK OUT WHAT VALUE SHOULD BE IN $016 LATER ON, BUT 'LL EXPLAIN THAT WHEN WE GET THERE. LDX #$00 SCRLMOVE LDA EAR WITH THE SAME POSITION. LDX #$00 LDY SINEPOSY SETSPRY LDA SINECURVE2,Y STA $D001,X TYA CLC ADC #$1C TAY INX INX CPX #$10 BNE SETSPRY HIS IS BASICALLY THE SAME LOOP AS WE'VE JUST LOOKED AT, EXCEPT THAT WE ARE USING SINEPOSY, READING FROM $000 TS BACK, AND THE PRINCIPLE REMAINS THE SAME; THE 64 PROJECTS THE SCREEN TO THE A LINE AT A TIME AND THIS LOOP WAITS FOR LINE $, WHICH IS JUST OFF THE BOTTOM OF THE STANDARD SCREEN. ROM HERE ONWARDS THE TERM "FRAME" WILL DENOTE ONE COMPLETE SCAN OF}AIN ENU} IUN}!q'RE QJUST AMES! \}"B \LOA}}`PUZZ\,\gTICr MULTIMEDIA\ES}@\!HELPFUL}Q}}A)}1 q\DVER, INTE\>TqytIOFT\UNIQUE y{ COM\ROM HUNDREDS}NDEPE\q}2ERS }b. q3ACq LOT}6OOD tACTIVE } Tq6}qdqHOq3.5}qvR TWO 5. 62/EDITOR 62/PROTOVISION 62/OTHER NEWS 62/C64 AUDIO 62/BASIC BIBLE 62/HEXFILES 3 62/LS PRG PART II 62/IV LEDGER 62/VGA UPDATE 62/SYSTEM 3 62/C< BBS LIST 62/BITS & PIECES 62/ACTIVISION 62/C64 BOOK 62/IV JOHAN 62/IV OORNI 62/C64 MARK 2 62/TND TOOL DISK NES, YOU KNOW LASSIC OGIC. F YOU FOUND EOMETRY ENJOYABLE IN HIGH SCHOOL, YOU KNOW ROOF OGIC. ND IF YOU STUDIED PHILOSOPHIC LOGIC IN COLLEGE, YOU ARE AQUAINTED WITH YMBOLIC OGIC. ROCESS OGIC IS A COMBINATION OF ROOF OGIC AND YMBOLIC OGIC -d \ \ rn~NnNnN>^r.qNq+^~.^n~~n~NN.qO>NN>^Nn~q\~Nqޞnn\ >N>^\+>^n.N~N>\>>q\^n\N>q>^Nnqwq^^~n^n+}[ˋ[k;{K{ 2t}}Bk}OSEqO ENJOYq5SH\q4}Q BIT}"BYTqA}}SQ}nTUTORIALS}$IDS}}Y}">rD}Bq0qq BET\}}4LEARNr;yHOBBY}e! \EXAMPLE}}5>MOUSE-C\R}GD }#}%BIS}rwC\3\}$R. O}--\} POqZ}CLICK}3 \CrjAKES } M}#:rz\qSNAP}\Y 2.0 P}QLATE VALUES. HE THREE ADDITIONAL FEATURES ARE 1. SYMBOLIC VALUE HOLDERS(CALLED VARIABLES AND ARRAYS) 2. LOOPS 3. CONDITIONAL COMMANDS. T IS THE ABILITY TO MAKE CONDITIONAL CHANGES IN THE FLOW OF LOGIC THAT GIVES A COMPUTER ITS ABILITY TO "THINK." H ~\-}W~}\00r8&3fry9ז9ꖄ33rrt3fry!\hyҖttt&}Q{tF}yttFyᖄ::lxp`}P\x}t\U  }Q+π }B :aLd?']g>`0`6cx 8l268` rP; ptV\U\ [[ !"'v C' } \ \ \ t>ή>N.NN>nNNn.Ύ~n~~NNN^N.~nNΎ\:n^nN.ޞn~>^nN\R~>~.Nn^^n>>>>>^\/~N.^ξ..N\~~G POPULARITY\dtFOMMODORE 64,rY EXP\4EDyBUSvS TO\CLUDE 'EI}4. }2\kNOW, }` StLONGEST RUNN\} MAGAZIN}5HI\RY, WrOVER 236\rU\RAFICS ALORE F /t}PGt\}\} W}SB />}2a }`yt}}}% c}A}}I} .}}'}S}PL}CONLY}Rr }Cr}CURU ROGRAMMING HE REAT DVENTURE OF REATIVITY AND OGIC BY AVE OORMAN OME WITH US AS WE ENTER A STRANGE WORLD OF SYMBOLIC LOGIC. ROCESS OGIC, TO BE EXACT. F YOU DO THOSE LOGIC PROBLEMS FOUND IN PUZZLE MAGAZI.~^^n\q޾\>^NN~^.ΞnnN^\+~~\`^>NnN.r>N~>^n~>^^^.^~^^\>N^N~>....>n~nNq.^qn>~>nn^^n\ \|\;^\\)\\^N~ޮNގ~^>nnnN>NN^>^~>>.nqn.>nNnnnNN~A7qNS ALLttWORLD USE OURr\DUCT}= ADD "}QUALq"\}1iOWN }0S}COLLECTIONS}1a\y'StAY}Qg\\/L\S BEEN}cLE %yI\d\Q ELEGANT "LOOKtFEEL"\#ROUGH UTI\IEt MACHINqANGUAGE M\LESqrqDOCU}- RIy\VAIL} US \~}Ag,tWH\YOU FqSqNE y3r}l PED\R\-}r /r}rt+}QANGE}%}`U-}rL}}2Ly%}RP/OWN}F}@}`ED R}}q}}WTEX}6}`]EFT/v8}`}_}}a}YAGE}`(}A}}7\}} }(S};}}a}2hLT-}pv}`8}3INDOW}'uw)s|uJ*䦾Jkd]Wo)yoZ徒)J- PLUS THREE WONDERFUL ADDITIONAL FEATURES. IKE ROOF OGIC, YOU WILL BE ARRANGING STATEMENTS AND COMMANDS IN A PARTICULAR ORDER -- NOT TO PROVE SOME TRUTH, BUT TO AFFECT SOME ACTION IN THE COMPUTER. N THE PROCESS, YOU WILL USE YMBOLIC OGIC TO MANIPU E -64 INCLUDES A BUILT IN INTERPRETER. OMPUTERS ARE CONTROLLED WITH THREE TYPES OF LANGUAGE. T ITS VERY HEART, THE COMPUTER PROCESSOR RECOGNIZES CERTAIN VALUES AS "INSTRUCTIONS." 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T THE MOMENT THAT IS ALL THE DETAIL THBT HAVE TO REPORT. E HAVE ALL LOST A TRULY WONDERFUL FRIEND AND TEACHER.  OPLE FOUND EASIER TO DIGEST. AM SURE HE WILL BE MISSED BY A GREAT MANY PEOPLE. IM_S ORK SHOULD NOT BE LOST, WE SHOULD POOL OUR EFFORTS AND CREATE A WEBSITE WITH ALL HIS WORKS IN ONE PLACE. THER YOUNGER USERS MAY NOT HAVE READ OR MET IM AND SHOULD  CH OMMODORE EQUIPMENT. OME PEOPLE FELT THE INTERVIEW WASN'T JUSTIFIED AND A WASTE OF TIME. DISAGREE BECAUSE IT RAISES THE QUESTION ABOUT AND THE PROBLEMS AURICE IS HAVING IN MANUFACTURING THE PRODUCTS. AYBE AURICE SHOULD SELL THE HARDWARE AND ESTS FOR A REFUND OF MY MONEY. E NEED GOOD COMPANIES SUPPORTING OMMODORE BUT HAVING A COMPANY TAKE MONEY AND THEN HAVE PROBLEMS PROVIDING THE GOODS IS JUST HAVING A NEGATIVE EFFECT ON THE COMMUNITY. WAS READY FOR SOME HATE MAIL FROM THE ORLDLAM INEE TEAM IS JUST , AND IT'S A LOT OF WORK TO PRODUCE IN JUST 1 MONTH, ALSO REMEMBER THE AMOUNT OF WORK THAT GOES INTO ASKING QUESTIONS, SOME USERS AGREED TO INTERVIEWS AND WOULD WRITE THE QUESTIONS BUT NEVER RECEIVE ANSWERS FOR WHATEVER REASON, THIS I IT IN THE MAGAZINE. ANT TO HELP BUT DON'T KNOW WHAT TO DO AND DON'T THINK YOU COULD WRITE A REVIEW, JUST SEND A LINK, DON'T WORRY IF MAY HAVE SEEN IT OR NOT, SEND THE LINK SO CAN CONTACT THE CREATOR FOR MORE INFORMATION. HANKS WWW.COMMODOREFREE PAGE-FOR PAGE COPY OF THE 3RD EDITION FOR THOSE WHO WANT THE BOOK COMPLETELY AS IT WAS WRITTEN AND FORMATTED. HE OTHER VERSION HAS BEEN EDITED TO INCLUDE ' BOOKMARKS' FOR CHAPTERS AND SUBHEADINGS, AND REFERENCES TO OTHER CHAPTERS HAVE BEEN MADE KING UP HOW TO DO BASIC THINGS ON OUR SYSTEM. E'VE HEARD FROM SEVERAL OTHER PEOPLE WHO'VE FOUND IT USEFUL FOR USE WITH THEIR INUX MACHINES AS WELL. HE PRICE IS $10.00 USTRALIAN (ABOUT $8.50 ) AND ONCE PAYMENT IS RECEIVED YOU CAN DOWNLOAD THE F 62/EDITOR 62/NEWS 62/HEXFILES 5 62/PROGRAMMING 62/IV CODEBASE 62/IV HDD64 62/IV MARIO 62/IV POTRACE 62/POTRACE 62/IV SLANG 62/SLANG REF 62/SLANG TUT 62/SLANG TUT2 62/JIM BUTTERFI REFREE.COM --- ORWARDED MESSAGE --- REGRET TO ADVISE THE OMMODORE COMMUNITY THAT IM UTTERFIELD HAS PASSED AWAY. IM DIED AT 1:30 ON UNE 29 AFTER BATTLING CANCER WHICH INFECTED MANY PARTS OF HIS BODY. IS FAMILY ADVISES THAT T RNIE HORNY ============================= DITOR ERY SAD NEWS THIS ISSUE WITH THE PASSING OF IM UTTERFIELD ON THE 29TH OF UNE 2007, OR MANY IM WAS AN INSPIRATION TAKING COMPLEX INFORMATION AND CHANGING IT INTO A FORMAT MANY PENOT HAVE TO GO WITHOUT HIS WORDS OF WISDOM. TRY TO CONTACT USERS AND MANUFACTURERS THAT WOULD LIKE TO READ ABOUT AS A OMMODORE USER, FOR EXAMPLE LAST MONTH WAS AN INTERVIEW WITH WORLDLAM ABOUT POTENTIAL PURCHASE OF AND WHY HE IS BUYING UP SO MUCONCENTRATE ON THE SOFTWARE SIDE. ANY PEOPLE FEEL ANGRY TO AURICE, MYSELF FEEL SOME ANGER THAT AURICE TOOK MY MONEY KNOWING FULL WELL HE COULD NOT PROVIDE THE GOODS IN THE TIME SCALE HE PROMISED. LSO AURICE WON'T ANSWER ANY OF MY EMAILS, AND REQUTERVIEW, ALTHOUGH IT WASN'T REALY HATE MAIL MORE THAT PEOPLE FELT THERE WERE OTHERS WHO SHOULD HAVE BEEN INTERVIEWED INSTEAD. K INTERVIEW THEM AND SEND ME THE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SESSION, WILL PRINT THE TEXT IN THE MAGAZINE REMEMBER THE OMMODORE RS FINE BUT IT TAKES ME MORE TIME, NEED YOUR INPUT AND ARTICLES. HANKS IGEL WWW.COMMODOREFREE.COM AN YOU HELP F YOU ARE WORKING ON A PROJECT, HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE BASED FOR ANY OF THE OMMODORE MACHINES PLEASE CAN YOU LET ME KNOW, SO CAN INCLUDE.COM ...END... COMMAND EXECUTES CODE AT 65520. OU WILL NOTICE THAT WE CAN PUT MORE THAN ONE COMMAND ON A PROGRAM LINE, SEPARATED BY COLONS. CTUALLY, YOU HAVE TWO SCREEN LINES AVAILABLE FOR EACH PROGRAM LINE. ACK TO PLOTTING TEXT ON THE SCREU EWS HE NTERNET FOR OMMODORE 64/128 SERS BY AELYNE ASSON IS NOW AVAILABLE AS A DOWNLOAD FROM THE OMMODORE ENTRAL ARKET, WHICH NOW IS PART OF OUR ONLINE STORE. E ACTUALLY HAVE TWO VERSIONS AVAILABLE. NE IS AN EXACTINTO CLICKABLE LINKS. LSO S THAT ARE STILL VALID HAVE ALSO BEEN MADE INTO LINKS. IS NOT JUST FOR OMMODORE USERS THESE DAYS. EVERAL YEARS AGO WE MOVED OUR SERVERS TO INUX, AND FOR THE FIRST FEW MONTHS WE FOUND TO BE INVALUABLE FOR LOO ILE IMMEDIATELY FROM THE STORE. E'RE RUNNING A SPECIAL OFFER ON THE BOOK AND OMESTEAD LUS EMBERSHIP. F YOU PURCHASE A OMESTEAD LUS EMBERSHIP ($35 OR ABOUT $29 ), YOU CAN RECEIVE THE BOOK AT HALF PRICE. OMESTEAD LUS IS THE NAME OF OU RTING OMMODORE COMPUTING AND NATURALLY WE ARE PLEASED WITH ALL OUR OMESTEAD LUS EMBERS WHETHER THEY MAKE USE OF IT OR NOT. :-) HE SPECIAL OFFER FOR AT HALF PRICE ALSO APPLIES TO OMESTEAD LUS EMBERSHIP RENEWALS PAID FOR VIA OUR ONLINE STOR BE FOUND AT: HTTP://SHOP.VCSWEB.COM/INDEX.PHP?MAIN PAGE=INDEX&CATH=24 NE OF THE FEATURES OF OUR NEW ONLINE STORE IS THAT PEOPLE CAN WRITE REVIEWS OF PRODUCTS, AND WE'RE LOOKING TO ADD MORE REVIEWS TO OUR VARIOUS = ENTRAL ARKET ITEMS. F YOU'VE P OGIN OR TO SIGN UP AS ASTORE MEMBER BEFORE YOU CAN SUBMIT YOUR REVIEW - THIS WILL MAKE IT FASTER TO PLACE AN ORDER AND ALLOW US TO GIVE YOU THE 10% DISCOUNT. LEASE COME HAVE A LOOK AT THE NEW = ENTRAL ARKET TODAY! HE LINK IS: HTTP://SHOP.VCSWEB.COAND THE ALL-IN ONE PACKAGES ARE AVAILABLE FROM HTTP://WWW.HVSC.C64.ORG FTER THIS UPDATE, THE COLLECTION SHOULD CONTAIN 34,127 FILES! UPDATE FEATURES (ALL APPROXIMATES) 1127 NEW S 19 FIXED/BETTER RIPS 8 FIXES OF LAY/IDPLAY1 SPECIFIC S  OR THEY GET THEIR OWN DIRECTORY IN THIS UPDATE) # -AN - VENTURING INTO OLLYTRACKER DOMAIN NOW! # ART # ICHARD AYLISS # ERNHARD URGSTALLER () # HANTAL ORET () # - KINDLY DONATED HIS COMPLETE COLLECTION TO US # EXTER () # CO #  #.LAYER OUND YSTEMONID () #.OPAZINTAQUEETA () EWS OTION JOINED THE REW TEPPE RETIRED FROM THE ADMIN POST. AMBONES WILL TAKE OVER, GOOD LUCK! HE NEW DIRECTORY STRUCTURE REQUIRES A NEW UPDATE TOOL. T GOT UPDATED FOR TO SEND IT OVER! ND BY THE WAY: OU CAN STILL RUN UPDATE #47 WITH UPDATE TOOL 2.8.3.T WILL COMPLAIN HEAVILY THAT THE /UBBARDOB/ DIRECTORY IS NOT WHERE IT EXPECTS IT TO BE, THUS ASSUMING YOU DID SOMETHING FUNDAMENTALLY WRONG. UST IGNORE THE WARNINS THE ONUS: HTTP://WWW.PRG.DTU.DK//ON US/ HE ONUS IS A COLLECTION OF S, S, 3S, AND OTHER ASSORTED TUNES REFERENCED IN THE . HIS COLLECTION WAS PREVIOUSLY AVAILABLE UNDER A DIFFERENT NAME ( 64) BUT ON A MUCH SMALLHEN THOUGHT IT WOULD BE A NICE COLLECTION THAT THE PUBLIC MAY ALSO ENJOY. OR SOME OF YOU, YOU MAY HAVE NEVER HEARD THESE TUNES. OR OTHERS, IT MAY BE A TRIP DOWN NOSTALGIA LANE. OU MAY EVEN FIND THAT YOU ACTUALLY PREFER SOME OF THE VERSIONS WHILE FR ELNET MEMBERSHIPS AS IT BETTER REFLECTS THE FACT IT'S USED BY MEMBERS OF THE OMESTEAD MAILING LIST. T'S ALSO QUITE TO HAVE A MEMBERSHIP WITHOUT ACTUALLY USING THE ELNET SERVICES. OME FOLKS HAVE DONE THIS AS A WAY TO DONATE TO OUR CAUSE OF SUPPOE. E'VE MOVED THE OMMODORE ENTRAL ARKET INTO THE SAME SHOPPING CART SYSTEM THAT WE USE FOR OTHER ITEMS WE HAVE FOR SALE (GAMEBOY ITEMS, PHONE COVERS, WEBCAMS, BREATH TESTERS AND OTHER VARIOUS ITEMS). HE = ENTRAL ARKET HAS IT'S OWN AREA WHICH CANURCHASED SOMETHING FROM THE MARKET IN THE PAST AND WRITE A REVIEW OF IT, WE'LL GIVE YOU 10% OFF YOUR NEXT PURCHASE. UST VISIT ANY ITEM IN THE STORE, CLICK ON THE 'EVIEWS'LINK AND THE NEXT PAGE WILL HAVE A LINK TO SUBMIT YOUR REVIEW T WILL ASK YOU TO LM/INDEX.PHP?MAIN PAGE=INDEX&CATH=24 LL THE ERY EST, AELYNE & OD ASSON --- IGH OLTAGE OLLECTION PDATE #47 ATE: UNE 07, 2007 ESULTING ERSION: 47 REVIOUS ERSION: 46 S USUAL, THE UPDATE 8 REPEATS/BAD RIPS ELIMINATED 773 CREDIT FIXES 700 TUNES ASSIGNED A SIDMODEL FLAG 15 DEMO TUNES IDENTIFIED 29 GAME TUNES IDENTIFIED AIN OMPOSERS FEATURED IN THIS UPDATE: (RTISTS MARKED WITH ARE EITHER COMPLETELY NEW TO THE ANTA - LISTEN TO HIS ESERT REAM CONVERSION! # OX # OP # REG # REGFEEL # ARLEQUIN # EINMUCK # UKKA # MAGE # 2 # AC / ADICAL # ERMAN # OOGLE HARM () # ASTINESS NC. # MOROCA () # ERNET # -AN # AZE # IO # AX # HARPKAM () INUX AND INDOWS, SO WE FEEL THE MAJORITY OF USERS WON'T HAVE A PROBLEM OR THE EXOTIC PLATFORM USERS: HE SOURCE CODE OF UPDATE TOOL 2.8.4 ISON THE WEBSITE IN THE OWNLOADS SECTION. F YOU MANAGE TO COMPILE IT ON YOUR SPECIFIC PLATFORM, FEEL FREEG, NOD AWAY THE NEXT "Y/N ARE YOU SURE YOU'RE SURE?" QUESTION AND IT WILL WORK ANYWAY. RELATED NEWS BULLETIN ONUS RELEASED OR ALL YOU JUNKIES OUT THERE CURIOUS ABOUT SOME OF THE MODULE TUNES MENTIONED IN THE , THE TEAM NOW OFFER ER SCALE. HE COLLECTION IS NOW 63S COMPRESSED, AND OFFERS SOME VERY MEMORABLE GAME AND SCENE TUNES FROM THE MIGA, , AND OTHER SOURCES. HE COLLECTION WAS PUT TOGETHER IN ORDER FOR THE TEAM TO VERIFY SEVERAL ENTRIES FOR CORRECTNESS. E T OR OTHER CASES THE MODULES/3 WILL BE PREFERABLE. --- 64 V0.8 IS OUT! HE POPULAR .SID->.PRG CONVERTER SAW ANOTHER UPDATE. EW FEATURES INCLUDE: * UILT-IN SUPPORT FOR XOMIZER. * DDED SUPPORT FOR A JOYSTICK IN PORT TWO  OMMODORE MANAGED TO FIND THIS ON EBAY OMMODORE 64 ISK-OB UBBARD AND ARTIN ALWAY USIC OU ARE BIDDING FOR A OMMODORE 64/128 DISK COMPRISING OF MUSIC DEMOS BY TWO OF THE LEADING ARTISTS FROM THE EIGHTIES, OB UBBARD AND ARTI NOT EVEN INCLUDED ON THE OMMODORE SET WHICH INCLUDES 1000'S OF GAMES, DEMOS, COMPILATIONS ETC. IMPLY LOAD THE DISK INTO YOUR DRIVE AND PRESS KEYS -, SOME OF THE TUNES ON THIS DISK INCLUDE: RAZY OMETS ONTY ON THE UN NE AN AND IS ROID  NES INCLUDE: IGHLANDER CEAN OADERS 1-3 ARALLAX OMIC AKERY YPER PORTS IZBALL AMBO OADER AND MUCH MUCH MORE. HIS DISK IS IN FULL 100% WORKING ORDER. ID WITH CONFIDENCE FROM A TRUSTED EAYER! EEP AN EYE ON MY AUCTIONS FOR MORE OF THIS TYPE O WAS JUST PRODUCED, COULDNRT YOU JUST DOWNLOAD THE SID FILES REE. XPECT A LARGE AMOUNT OF THESE DISKS TO APPEAR SOON. O THE BUYER IT MUST HAVE BEEN WORTH IT, BUT REMEMBER YEARS AGO DOWNLOADING SOME OF THESE COMPILATIONS, AND SOMEWHERE MUST STILL MODORE BRAND (OF OLD) AND THEOMMODORE 64 AND MIGA MACHINES, HE PRESENTER CONFESSED TO OWNING AN MIGA HEN THE PRESENTER AND OMMODORE EPRESENTATIVE WENT THOROUGH THE MACHINES SPECIFICATIONS AND DIFFERENT CASES, THE UNIT WAS AVAILABLE WITH MONITOR KE PICTURE THE 64 4 PROTOTYPE IS READY. LTHOUGH THERE ARE STILL SOME WORK NEED TO BE DONE BEFORE IT WILL BE FINISHED, WE WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT ONE OF THE MAJOR IMPROVEMENT WHICH IS INCREASED PERFORMANCE. HE 64 4 IS FASTER BY 16% THAN 64 3.X  --- OMMODORE CENE PROJECT TERMINATED KNOWN AS = WWW.COMMODORESCENE.ORG.UK LAN HAS RECENTLY INFORMED ME HE HAS TERMINATING THE OMMODORE PROJECT. HE PROJECT WAS TO DESIGN A SELF CONTAINED UNITAGO. 'VE CLOSED THE PROJECT ON MY WEB SITE SO ITS COMMON KNOWLEDGE, SO PLEASE PASS ON THIS INFORMATION. , AM STILL GOING TO TRY THIS NEW DEVICE(S) AS A MATTER OF URGENCY AND AM ORDERING THE PARTS TODAY SO WOULD APPRECIATE ANY MENTION OF THE =DED. OWEVER, THAT IS NOT THE END OF THE OMMODORE / STORY JUST YET. LEASE POP ALONG TO HTTP://HOME.COMCAST.NET/^KKRAUSNICK/ C 128-VGA/C128-VGA.HTML AND SEE WHAT IS HAPPENING THERE. AM ORDERING THE COMPONENTS TO MAKE THE SAME SET UP MYSELF AND IF ATO CONTROL THE PLAYER. * DDED CLOCK TO INDICATED RUNNING TIME. * DDED -I OPTION TO OVERRIDE THE INITIAL SONG TO PLAY. * DDED SUPPORT FOR TUNES WRITTEN IN . RAB IT HERE: HTTP://PSID64.SOURCEFORGE.NET/ --- BAY EWS N ALWAY. IDE IS A VERY VERY RARE MUSIC COLLECTION OF OB UBBARDS MOST FAMOUS TUNES. OU WILL BE HARD PRESSED TO FIND THIS DEMO DISK ANYWHERE NOWADAYS, VERY RARE AND HIGHLY COLLECTABLE, DOUBT YOU WILL FIND THIS ON ANY ROM COLLECTION, THIS DEMO IS HING N PRING OIDS UMP ET PIKE AND MUCH MUCH MORE IDE INCLUDES A GREAT COLLECTION OF ARTIN ALWAY TUNES FROM YESTERYEAR, AGAIN THIS DEMO DISK IS VERY HARD TO COME BY. GAIN, SIMPLY LOAD IN TO YOUR OMMODORE AND PRESS KEYS - , OME OF THE TUF MATERIAL IN THE FUTURE. OSTAGE WILL BE FREE IF PURCHASED WITH BUY IT NOW! ( ) OMMODORE REE ELLING PRICE WAS C4.80 + 1.50 POSTAGE COSTS FOR WHAT LOOKED LIKE A NEW DISK WITH COLOUR PICTURE OF ROB AND ARTIN ON THE OVER, BUT IT LOOKED LIKE ITHAVE AROUND 10 DISKS WITH MUSIC FILES ON, WITH A NICE FRONT END PRESS FOR FOR ETC. --- VC IN THE K IS A SHOPPING CHANNEL, IT FEATURED A PC SPECIAL WITH OMMODORE, THE PROGRAM STARTED WITH AN ABOUT OMYBOARD AND SPEAKERS OR JUST AS A BASE UNIT, HEY HAVE A RETRO DESIGN THAT LOOKS LIKE A OMMODORE 64, VERY NEAT LOOKING CASE, AYBE THEY SHOULD SELL JUST THE CASE WITH NO INTERNALS. --- 64 4 ROTOTYPE S YOU CAN SEE IN THEAND EVEN 37% FASTER THAN AMINK WHILE LOADING THE SAME AMOUNT OF DATA.E WOULD LIKE TO THANKS TO ALL 64 USERS (WHO ASKED US ABOUT 64 AVAILABILITY) FOR THE PATIENCE. E ARE SORRY 64 IS NOT AVAILABLE AT THE MOMENT. POSTED BY OSEF AT 5/21/2007  TO CONNECT OMMODORE 64 AND 128 TO STANDARD MONITORS, THE UNIT WOULD ALSO ALLOW THE USE OF 80 COLUMNS AND ALL COLOURS ON AND MONITORS LAN RELEASED A STATEMENT TO ME DIDN'T GET ANYTHING ALTHOUGH DID SEE THE WORKING PROTOTYPE MANY YEARS  CLOSING ALSO MENTIONS THAT AM ACTIVELY SORTING OUT AN ALTERNATIVE WHICH HOPE TO HAVE COMPLETED BY THE END OF ULY. ELL THE MEETING IN LORIDA DIDN'T TAKE PLACE AND SO HAVE HAD TO MAKE THE DECISION TO CLOSE THIS PROJECT. LL MONEY WILL BE REFUN LL IS WELL WILL POST A COMPONENTS LIST AND INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS UP HERE DURING ULY O CLOSES ANOTHER PROJECT, LAN HAS SAID TO WATCH THIS SPACE THOUGH LAN HAS SAID WILL BE REFUNDED. ETS HOPE LAN CAN ARRANGE ANOTHER SUITABLE ALTERNATIVE ...EN AND SOLE ORGANISER OF THE 64 PARTIES KNOWN AS (ITTLE OMPUTER EOPLE) FROM 1998 TO 2005, AND THEN TOGETHER WITH OTHER PEOPLE, ORGANISER OF (IG LOPPY EOPLE) LAST YEAR, AND ALSO THIS SUMMER, IN ULY. LIVE IN SOUTHERN WEDEN IN A CITY CALLED  BOUGHT IT 1987. LAYING LOTS OF TURBOTAPE GAMES AND SO ON. ATER ON BOUGHT AN MIGA 500 WHEN THAT WAS HOT AND FRESH, AND IT WAS FIRST ON THE 500 STARTED CREATING MY OWN THINGS, LIKE MUSIC AND SOME SIMPLER CODE. - OW DID YOU LEARN TO PROGRAM AROUND DIN'T PLAY GAMES ON THEM BUT RATHER ALL THE OTHER THINGS THAT NEVER DID BACK THEN AND NEVER REALLY UNDERSTOOD HOW TO DO UNTIL GOT A LITTLE OLDER. - WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU GIVE WOULD BE PROGRAMMERS AKE YOUR TIME TO THINK ABOUT WHAT YOU ARAL CODING PART OF IT. F THE ANSWER IS NO TO THAT, THINK YOU BETTER STAY AWAY FROM CODING. LTHOUGH YOU GET A KICK OUT OF FINISHED PRODUCTS OF COURSE THINK THE MAIN DRIVE BEHIND CODING NECESSARILY NEEDS TO BE FONDNESS OF THE ACTIVITY OF SITTING BY YOVING ONE STEP AT A TIME. EADING SOME DOCS, SOME TUTORIAL, TRYING OUT SOME ASSEMBLER, AND SO ON. - ROM VARIOUS USERS FEEDBACK, IT SEEMS ACTUALLY GETTING THE TIME TO SIT DOWN AND READ ABOUT CODING IS DIFFICULT WITH REAL WORLD (JOBS, CHILDREN ETC) CAN S ON SOMETHING ELSE? (ITTLE OF EVERYTHING = NOTHING DONE AT ALL.) F YOU WANT TO DO THAT, IT'S UP TO YOU TO MAKE IT HAPPEN BY PRIORITIZING AND SO ON, AND YOU CAN'T BLAME THE WIFE/WORK/KID FOR THAT. - O YOU STILL OWN ANY COMMODORE MACHINES ES.. 6-7EASE TELL US ABOUT THE WEBSITE AND PROJECT "64 ODEBASE" WHAT DO YOU HOPE TO ACHIVE HE CODEBASE IS A WIKI (A SITE USERS EDIT THEMSELVES, LIKE WIKIPEDIA) ON THE TOPIC OF 64 CODING. THINK A PLACE LIKE THIS HAS BEEN LACKING BEFORE, AND THUS DECIDED NY DIFFERENT PEOPLE ACTUALLY INVOLVED THEMSELVES TO ADD SOME CODING ROUTINES/ARTICLES ALREADY. F COURSE THERE IS THE WEBSITE CALLED THE HE RIDGE, WHICH IS VERY NICE AND A BIT SIMILAR TO THE CODEBASE WIKI. HERE IS ALSO SOME FORUMS AND VARIOUS CODING  CAME MERICA NLINE, DROPPING THE OMMODORE SERVICE. UANTUM INK ELOADED IS A REMARKABLE DEMONSTRATION OF WHAT IS POSSIBLE WHEN SEVERAL PEOPLE COME TOGETHER SHARE THEIR PIECE OF THE PUZZLE. 'M PROUD THAT FORUMS WAS ABLE TO BECOME THE PLACE WD.. S TIME PERMITS, THE SITE WILL EXPAND. - O YOU HAVE ANY OTHER PLANS IN THE FOR = ACHINES? N THE LAST COUPLE YEARS, 'VE FOUND MYSELF INSPIRED BY SOME OF THE GREAT WORK IN THE FORM OF HARDWARE DEVICES THAT HAVE BEEN CREATED FROM MANY DIRECTIOU NTERVIEW WITH RANTIC ODEBASE 64 HTTP://CODEBASE.C64.ORG/ - LEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO OUR READERS N THE C64 DEMO SCENE AM KNOWN AS (NOT NECESSARILY WELL KNOWN) RANTIC. EMBER OF A DEMO GROUP CALLED ACK'N RADE UND. SPEND MY DAYS AS A H STUDENT IN INGUISTICS /COGNITION /INTERACTION (WORKING WITH GESTURES AND SUCH THINGS), BEING WITH MY WIFE AND KID, AND CODING 64. - HAT IS YOUR FIRST EXPERIENCE OF OMMODORE 'VE HAD A 64 SINCE WAS A KID. THINK  DIDN'T START CODING "SERIOUSLY" UNTIL LATER ON WHEN MOVED FROM 500 TO , AND EVENTUALLY GOT QUITE BORED WITH THE STERILE FEEL OF THE COMPUTERS. HAT'S WHEN KIND OF TURNED BACK TO THE COMPUTERS OF MY CHILDHOOD WITH A NEW TAKE ON THEM. HIS TIME E INTERESTED IN . OR EXAMPLE. F YOU THINK ABOUT CODING SOME GAME FOR THE 64. RE YOU JUST LONGING FOR THAT PERFECT THAT NO ONE ELSE NEVER DID, OR ARE YOU ACTUALLY LONGING FOR TRAVELLING THE ROAD THAT LEADS TO THIS GAME? HAT IS, THE ACTUUR COMPUTER AND JUST CODE. HE SAME THING APPLIES TO THE PROCESS OF BECOMING A CODER. GAIN YOU CAN'T JUST LONG FOR THE "FINISHED PRODUCT", THAT IS, BEING A SKILLED CODER. OU HAVE TO LIKE THE ROAD LEADING THERE TOO. EGINNING WITH SIMPLER THINGS AND MOYOU COMMENT ELL, IN ONE SENSE DON'T THIS HAS MUCH TO DO WITH ME OR WITH 64 CODING PER SE, BUT OF COURSE PEOPLE HAVE "REAL LIVES" TO. UT YOU GOTTA DECIDE WHAT YOU WANT TO DO IN LIFE. O YOU WANT TO SPEND TIME CODING C64 OR NOT? R DO YOU RATHER FOCU 64 (AMONG THEM THE ORIGINAL MACHINE GOT AS A KID), MY OLD 500 AND A 2000. ALSO HAD AN EXAMPLE OF THAT RARE 65 MACHINE, BUT SOLD IT SINCE RATHER NEEDED THE MONEY THAN A RARE MACHINE. AM SATISFIED WITH THE COMMON ONES... 64 PRIMARILY. - LTO SET IT UP WHEN A DISCUSSION ON THE B FORUM MADE IT CLEAR FOR ME THAT A LOT OF OTHER 64 CODERS ALSO THOUGHT THAT WAS A GOOD IDEA AND ACTUALLY FELT INSPIRED TO ADD CONTENT TO SUCH A SITE. ...WHICH THEY DID TOO. AM QUITE SATISFIED TO SEE THAT SO MA ARTICLES SPREAD ALL OVER IN = MAGAZINES AND SO ON. LL THESE FORMS OF INFORMATION STRUCTURES HAVE THEIR PROS AND CONS, BUT THINK A WIKI HAVE SOME POSSIBILITIES LACKING BEFORE. OR EXAMPLE IT IS A BETTER WAY TO STORE FOCUSED INFORMATION, COMPARED TO FO OT IMPROVED UPON AFTER BEING PUBLISHED IN CASE SOMEONE FINDS ERRORS IN IT. IKIS GOT ALL THIS. OCUSED INFORMATION SPOTS, BUT STILL THE DYNAMICS OF FORUMS AND OTHER EDITABLE MEDIA. LSO, THE OVERALL INFORMATION STRUCTURE ON A WIKI IS EDITABLE, WHICH MAKE , RATHER THAN JUST FROM ME. (VEN THOUGH OF COURSE ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO ADD THINGS EVERY NOW AND THEN.) WILL PROBABLY PUT UP A FORUM THERE, SO DISCUSSING SPECIFIC ARTICLES/SOURCES BECOME POSSIBLE. THINK THAT IS NEEDED. T WILL NOT BE A GENERAL CODIN CON FOR THE WEB SERVER HOSTING AND TO LAYGON FOR THE . - S THIS SIMILAR TO "THE SECRET SOCIETY OF COMMODORE CODERS WEBSITE" GUESS THERE IS SOME SIMILARITIES, BUT OBVIOUSLY ONE OF THEM IS A FORUM AND THE OTHER ONE IS A WIKI. ORUMS ARE NEEDED TION THAT MAY PROVE VALUABLE FOR BEGINNERS. S THE WIKI GROWS THINK EVERYONE WILL FIND SOMETHING OF VALUE THERE, BEGINNER OR EXPERT.. - S THE WEBSITE PURELY ASSEMBLER AND MACHINE CODEROUTINES OR ARE ASIC PROGRAMMERS WELCOME ASIC PROGRAMMERS ARE WHE WEBSITE ARE THESE COPYRIGHTED OR CAN ANYONE USE THEM HE CONTENTS OF THE SITE MAY BE USED IN YOUR OWN PRODUCTIONS. EOPLE WOULDN'T ADD THE CONTENTS THERE IF IT WAS SECRET OR NON-USEABLE FOR OTHERS. HE WIKI CONCEPT IS ALL ABOUT SHARING. - THE ITEMTUFF, AND IN SOME CASES HELPED A LITTLE WITH THE PROCESS OF ADDING THE MATERIAL. - HO CAN CONTRIBUTE, LETS SAY OUR READER HAS SOMETHING HOW WOULD THEY CONTRIBUTE TO THE PROJECT VERYONE WHO FEELS THEY HAVE SOMETHING 64 CODING RELATED THAT AT LEAS THAN NOT ADDING THE STUFF AT ALL. ITH A GOOD STRUCTURE IT IS EASY TO FIND WHAT IS THERE AND TO FIND WHAT YOU LOOK FOR ANYWAY. O, DON'T HESITAT. O THERE AND CONTRIBUTE! T MAY REALLY BE ANYTHING FROM SMALL SNIPPETS TO COMPLETE PROGRAMS OR ARTICLES ABOECT THAT MOST TURBO ASSEMBLER SOURCES WORK WITH MINIMAL MODIFICATIONS IN OTHER ASSEMBLERS, AS A KIND OF PROTOTYPICAL MIDDLE POINT OF ASM SYNTAX. ( USE A ! INSTEAD OF . AS THE BEGINNING MARKER OF DIRECTIVES SUCH AS .BYTE AND .WORD, AND ICKSSEMBLER US ON THE SITE WRITTEN IN OTHER ASSEMBLERS LIKE , 65, ICKSSEMBLER AND OTHERS, SO AM NOT SURE AGREE WITH YOU. - HAT SUBJECTS ARE COVERED IN THE CODING IS THE SITE DESIGNED FOR ANYTHING C64 RELATED ES, FOR EXAMPLE IT IS NOT ONLY INTENDRUMS WHICH ARE NICE AND VERY USEFUL BUT TEND TO SPREAD INFORMATION ALL OVER DIFFERENT THREADS/POSTS AND INTERLEAVE THE RELEVANT INFORMATION WITH A LOT OF SMALL TALK. HE WIKI CONCEPT IS ALSO A BIT MORE FLEXIBLE THAN "STATIC" MAGAZINE ARTICLES WHICH ARE NS IT POSSIBLE TO MAKE SURE THAT IT WON'T JUST GROW INTO A MASS OF INFORMATION WHERE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO FIND WHAT YOU LOOK FOR. DO NOT HAVE A CLEAR GOAL WITH THE SITE OTHER THAN TRYING TO KEEP IT IN SHAPE. HE CONTENT IS SUPPOSED TO COME FROM ALL OF USG FORUM THOUGH. THINK THE CODING FORUM ON B IS MORE SUITABLE FOR THAT. - OW MANY PEOPLE ARE WORKING ON THE PROJECT UST ME, CONCERNING THE SITE ITSELF. OWEVER, GUESS SOMETHING LIKE 15 PEOPLE HAVE CONTRIBUTED CONTENTS SO FAR. LSO THANKS TO OO OF COURSE. - ILL THIS WEBSITE TEACH PEOPLE HOW TO CODE T WILL DO WHATEVER PEOPLE MAKE IT DO. O FAR THERE IS NO CODING TUTORIAL THERE FROM STEP TO , BUT ON THE OTHER HAND THERE IS A GOOD COLLECTION OF SELECTED LINKS ON THE EXTERNAL LINKS SECTELCOME TOO, EVEN THOUGH GUESS MOST SERIOUS PROGRAMMING ON THE 64 IS ACTUALLY DONE IN MACHINE CODE FOR OBVIOUS REASONS. - O YOU THINK THERE IS REALLY A NEED FOR PEOPLE TO EARN ASIC ANYMORE OT REALLY. - OME SAMPLE ROUTINES ARE AVAILABLE ON TS ON THE WEBSITE HAVE THEY BEEN CONTRIBUTED BY THE AUTHORS OR DID YOU CONTACT THEM OR THEY CONTACTED YOU HE WIKI CONCEPT BUILDS ON USERS CONTRIBUTING MATERIAL THEMSELVES, AND THAT IS WHAT THEY HAVE DONE. OWEVER, IN SOME CASES HAVE ASKED PEOPLE FOR ST ONE OTHER PERSON IN THE WORLD MAY FIND INTERESTING IS VERY WELCOME TO ADD IT. DON'T SEE IT AS A HUGE PROBLEM IF PEOPLE START ADDING A LOT OF CONTENTS NOT INTERESTING FOR THE BROAD MASSES. HAT IS BETTER HANDLED BY HAVING A GOOD STRUCTURE ON THE SITE,UT THIS AND THAT. - NOTICE MOST OF THE EXAMPLE ARE TURBO ASSEMBLER, IS THERE A PREFERRED ASSEMBLER ISTORICALLY IT IS THE MOST USED ASSEMBLER ON THE 64, BUT IN THESE DAYS MORE AND MORE PEOPLE USE CROSS ASSEMBLERS OF COURSE. HIS HAS HAD THE EFF SES // FOR COMMENTS INSTEAD OF ; AND SO ON. O THE SYNTACTIC DISTANCE BETWEEN AND ICKSSEMBLER IS LARGER THAN THE SYNTACTIC DISTANCE BETWEEN URBO SSEMBLER AND THESE TWO.) OWEVER, APART FROM THAT, THINK THAT ACTUALLY QUITE A BUNCH OF THE SOURCE ED TO COVER DEMO CODING. OOLS, GAMES AND OTHER THINGS ARE ALSO WELCOME. UT, AS SAID BEFORE, THE CONTENTS DEPEND A LOT ON WHAT PEOPLE CONTRIBUTE, SO IT IS OPEN ENDED IN THAT SENSE. - O YOU FOLLOW THE OMMODORE DEMO SCENE EP DO, AND AS SAID BEF IS. T IS PART OF THE COMPETITIVE ASPECT OF THE DEMOSCENE GUESS, WHICH IS KINDA FUN. OWEVER, THINK THE KIND OF TRICKS AND CODE THAT YOU FIND ON CODEBASE IS MORE OF THE KIND THAT IS IN THE FRONTLINE OF THE TRICKERY, AND THUS MOST PEOPLE WOULDN'T  S THERE WILL ALWAYS BE MORE TO DO/FIND OUT. OWEVER, AT THE SAME TIME THINK THAT MOST OF THE NEW TRICKS UNCOVERED TEND TO BE LESS USEFUL FOR GENERAL PURPOSES THAN TRICKS DISCOVERED LONGER AGO. OR EXAMPLE, OPENING THE BORDERS ARE A LOT MORE USEFUL THAN WIKI. N CASE PEOPLE ARE INTERESTED IN IT AND WANT TO SHARE/DISCUSS IT, GUESS IT WILL APPEAR THERE. - O YOU THINK ANYONE CAN WRITE COMPUTER CODE, OST SHOULD BE ABLE TO LEARN AT LEAST A BIT. - O WHAT NEXT FOR THE WEBSITE MORE CODE SNIPPETS ANDM IN GENERAL. - OME READER MAY BE PUT OF BY WEBSITES THAT ARE BEST VIEWED WITH THIS AND THAT BROWSER CAN YOU COMMENTON CODEBASE WEBSITE DESIGN ASICALLY IT IS JUST THE DEFAULT LOOK OF THE OKUIKI ENGINE, SLIGHTLY MODIFIED COLORWISE AND A LOGO WAS AIN ALL BROWSERS AS IT FOR ALL PRACTICAL PURPOSES. - FINAL 2 QUESTIONS, IF YOU WERE GIVEN AN UNLIMITED AMOUNT OF TIME AND MONEY WHAT WOULD YOU CREATE, THIS CAN BE NONE COMPUTER RELATED THINK WOULD JUST TAKE IT QUITE EASY. :) ONTINUE DOING ROUGHLYD NOT BUY A LOT OF THINGS. WOULD START WORKING HALF TIME AND SUCH THINGS INSTEAD. HAT IS QUALITY FOR ME. ALREADY GOT MOST OF WHAT NEED THINK. DISHWASHER WOULD BE NICE. DON'T HAVE THAT. ;) AVE YOU ANY COMMENTS YOU WOULD LIKE TO ADD HAARDWARE STUFF. -LEASE TELL OUR READER ABOUT RIVEHOST AND 64 64 IS A PROGRAM WHICH LETS YOU USE YOUR AS A HARD DISK DRIVE FOR THE 64 AND OTHER OMMODORE COMPUTERS WITH A SERIAL DISK PORT SUCH AS THE 20, LUS/4, ETC. T EMULATES THE NATND PROGRAMMING. FIRST GOT A 64 WHEN WAS IN HIGH SCHOOL, AGED 16. - HAT IS IT YOU DO FOR THE OMMODORE WORLD 'M PROBABLY MOST WELL KNOWN FOR 64 A PROGRAM THAT LETS YOUR 64 USE THE AS A HARD DISK DRIVE. ALSO PROVIDE OTHER TOOLS AND H, WORKING OVERTIME, PLUS GOING TO SCHOOL.... AVING 20 OR SO MINUTES EVERY NIGHT DOESN'T REALLY WORK FOR ENGINEERING STUFF, BY THE TIME YOU DRAG EVERYTHING OUT, YOU'RE THROWING EVERYTHING BACK INTO A BOX.... ('VE MOVED AGAIN, BUT WON'T BOTHER YOU WITORE AM THE ORGANIZER OF THE PREVIOUS PARTIES AND ONE OF THE ORGANIZERS OF , SO GUESS AM QUITE INVOLVED IN THE DEMO SCENE. - OME CODERS WANT TO HIDE THERE CODE ONLY GIVING OUT VARIOUS DEMOS WHY SHARE CODE WITH OTHERS? CAN UNDERSTAND THFEEL LIKE IT WAS "GIVING AWAY" SOMETHING SECRET TO ADD THIS STUFF THERE. - ROM LOOKING AT SOME OF THE RECENT OMMODORE DEMOS LIKE THE CREST "KRESTAGE 3" IT APPEARS THERE IS STILL A LOT TO LEARN ABOUT THE MACHINE WOULD YOU LIKE TO COMMENT ES, GUES ADDING TWO EXTRA GREY PIXELS TO A SPRITE AS IN RESTAGE 3, EVEN THOUGH ITS A NICE HACK. - ILL ODEBASE 64 LOOK INTO SOME OF THE VARIOUS BUGS, THAT ARE USED IN NEW DEMOS NCE AGAIN.. T IS UP TO THE USERS WHAT INFORMATION THAT WILL END UP ON THE  HINTS OR ARE OTHER CHANGES DUE TO HAPPEN OPEFULLY THE CONTENTS OF THE SITE WILL CONTINUE TO GROW IN THE SAME SPEED AS IT DID UNTIL NOW, AND 'LL ADD A FORUM THERE TOO, SO PEOPLE CAN DISCUSS SPECIFIC ARTICLES/SOURCES THERE. SK QUESTIONS OR DISCUSS THEDDED. T SHOULD WORK GOOD IN ALL MOZILLA BROWSERS AND ALSO IN INTERNET EXPLORER, AND GUESS THAT COVERS 99% OF THE INTERNET USERS. LTHOUGH THE WIKI HAS SOME LAYERS AND SUCH THINGS IT IS MOSTLY TEXT BASED CONTENTWISE, SO THINK IT SHOULD LOOK THE SAME  WHAT DO, BUT IN A IMPROVED WAY. ;) UT DUNNO. T'S HARD TO SAY REALLY. GUESS A LOT OF IDEAS WOULD POP UP IF THINGS WERE AS YOU SAY. AYBE WOULD SAVE THE WORLD! - F YOU WON 1 MILLION K POUNDS WHAT WOULD YOU SPEND THE MONEY ON AND WHY WOULNKS TO EVERYONE WHO CONTRIBUTED TO THE CODEBASE SO FAR, AND TO THE REST OF THE WORLD, GO THERE YOU TOO AND ADD WHAT YOU'VE GOT LYING AROUND HIDDEN ON YOUR HARDDRIVES SO THAT OTHERS CAN BENEFIT FROM IT. ...END... OPLE IN THE HAVE SEEN THIS DEMO & U NTERVIEW WITH ICK OPLAN REATOR OF 64 HTTP://WWW.64HDD.COM - LEASE INTRODUCE YOURSELF TO OUR READER I! 'M 38, A MECHANICAL ENGINEER BY PROFESSION - BUT THE 64 LETS ME FOLLOW MY TRUE PASSION WHICH IS ELECTRONICS A IVE PROTOCOL THESE MACHINES USE TO TALK TO DRIVES LIKE THE 1541 SO THE COMPUTER DOESN'T NEED TO BE PATCHED OR WEDGED IN ORDER FOR BASIC DISK COMMANDS TO WORK. T ALSO EMULATES THE VARIOUS OMMODORE DISK DRIVES AT A BASIC LEVEL ALLOWING FOR VARIOUS DISK I DE "IN THE DRIVE". LL THAT'S NEEDED IS A 1541 CABLE TO CONNECT THE AND OMMODORE, THE FREE SOFTWARE DOWNLOAD AND OF COURSE A WHICH CAN BE BOOTED TO (YOU CAN DO THAT EVEN TO MODERN S WITH A BOOT DISK) RIVEHOST IS A 64 PROGRAM WHICH WO ERE IT CAN BE BURNT TO AS A BACKUP. 'VE FOUND IT MOST USEFUL AS A MEANS OF BACKING UP MY INK AND RESTORING DIFFERENT PROJECTS TO IT EITHER ON A PARTITION OR WHOLE DEVICE BASIS. - SN'T USING A FOR BACKUP AND LOADING APPLICATIONS A LITTLE